Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the physiology of Pyrrosia petiolosa as well as the synthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid, tissue culture seedlings of P. petiolosa were used as materials, and three concentration gradients of low nutrient ( no fertilization : N0, P0, K0 ), normal fertilization ( N : 0.2 g·kg-1, P : 0.15g·kg-1, K : 0.15 g·kg-1 ) and high nutrient ( N1 : 0.4 g·kg-1, P1 : 0.3 g·kg-1, K1 : 0.3 g·kg-1) were set up. There were seven treatments set up: NPK、N0PK、N1PK、NP0K、NP1K、NPK0 and NPK1, and the resistance physiological indexes, chlorogenic acid content and key enzyme activities of P. petiolosa under different treatments were determined. The results were as follows: (1) Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had a significant effect on the resistance physiology of P. petiolosa. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) increased significantly under high nitrogen and low potassium treatments, but catalase (CAT) activity rose significantly under low and high treatments of the three nutrients. (2) The content of chlorogenic acid in P. petiolosa was significantly affected by different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The chlorogenic acid level in normal fertilization was the highest, reaching 12.92 mg·g-1, while the chlorogenic acid content in high potassium fertilization was the lowest, 7.79 mg·g-1. Potassium fertilizer had the most significant effect on chlorogenic acid content. The content of chlorogenic acid was positively correlated with the activities of quinate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT) and coumaroyl coenzyme ligase (4CL), and negatively correlated with the activity of shikimate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT). HQT, 4CL and HCT were the key factors leading to the difference of chlorogenic acid content. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation of P. petiolosa.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2023-01-30 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：
Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen is a valuable Chinese herb in China, and the root should be harvested between three and seven years after planting it. However, the growth of P. notoginseng is frequently hindered due to replanting failure. There have been numerous studies proving that the accumulation of allelochemicals in the soil is considered to be one of the reasons for the replanting failure of P. notoginseng. Biodegradation of allelochemical in soil has been shown to be an effective measure to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles, so screening allelochemical-degrading bacteria could provide biological resources for soil remediation. Based on this, this study adopted a research strategy of enrichment and domestication to isolate and screen saponin-degrading bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng, which had been grown continuously for 3 years and more. Also, the highly active strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. In addition, the effect of highly active strain SC3 on degrading allelochemicals under different conditions was studied by HPLC. The results were as follows: (1) Eight strains of potentially degrading bacteria were successfully isolated from the rhizosphere soil of P. notoginseng. The results of the initial screening evaluation showed that strain SC3 had the best biodegradation effect on total saponins with 87.42% degradation rate. (2) Strain SC3 was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA gene analysis coupled with physiological and biochemical analyses. (3) The biodegradation of ginsenoside Rb1 by strain SC3 was stronger than its degradation of ginsenoside Rg1 under the same culture conditions. (4) The degradation of ginsenoside Rb1 by SC3 strain under liquid culture conditions was significantly affected by different factors, such as substrate concentration, inoculum amount and incubation temperature. This study shows that the enrichment and domestication strategy can effectively screen allelochemical-degrading bacteria, and a possible application of strain SC3 in the bioremediation of saponin contamination in agricultural environments.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2022-10-27 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The beneficial microbiome assist the plant in disease defense. The root, stem and seed of Sophora tonkinensis from wild type were germinated and grew healthily, but they in cultivated type were susceptible to insect and pathogen attack. In order to explore the possibility of disease control using beneficial endophytic fungal microbiome harbored in S. tonkinensis from healthy wild type, endophytic fungi were isolated from the root, stem and seed of S. tonkinensis from healthy wild type, and then were further identified based on morphological characters and ITS sequence characters. Phylogenetic tree, α-diversity index and β-diversity index were used to analyze the phylogenetic evolution, diversity and similarity among different endophytic fungal microbiomes. The pathogen-resistant function in vitro of endophytic fungal microbiome was determined by the agar plug method and flat-stand method. The results were as follows：(1) 131 strains with 23 taxa, 108 strains with 23 taxa, and 64 strains with 11 taxa, were respectively isolated and identified from the root, stem and seed of S. tonkinensis; (2) more endemic genera and all endemic species, indicated that endophytic fungal microbiomes harbored in the root, stem and seed had tissue specificity in genus and species evolutionary tree; (3) The low β-diversity indicated that taxonomic similarity was very low among different endophytic fungal microbiomes, and consequently endophytic fungal microbiomes had tissue specificity in species evolutionary tree; (4) The high α -diversity showed that endophytic fungal microbiomes harbored in the root, stem and seeds, were abundant biodiversity; (5) More than one third of the taxa antagonized pathogens in vitro. Endophytic fungal microbiome harbored in the root/stem showed strong broad-spectrum pathogenic bacteria/fungi-resistant function in vitro, and endophytic fungal microbiome harbored in the seeds showed strong broad-spectrum pathogenic fungi-resistant function in vitro. These results indicated beneficial endophytic fungal microbiome with tissue-specificity and biodiversity structure, and strong broad-spectrum and abundant pathogen-resistant function in vitro, harbored in healthy root, stem and seeds of S. tonkinensis from wild type, and may play an important role in pathogen resistance in host tissues. Such results will provide material and experimental basis for disease control in different tissues of S. tonkinensis using beneficial endophytic fungal microbiome.
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