分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: In this paper, backscattering of 3-50 keV positrons on Al, Cu, Ag and Au metallic targets has been systematically investigated using GEANT4 code. The dependence of positron backscattering coefficients on atomic number Z, target thickness, incident energy and angles has been discussed comprehensively. Besides, positron backscattering spectra for those metallic targets at different discrete scattering angles were also studied to provide theoretical basis of the most appropriate scattering angle selected for simulation parameters and specified applied measurement techniques. The impact of atomic number Z of targets on positron backscattering spectra was investigated as well. Simulation results are in reasonable agreement with previous experiment data and theoretical work.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: The contribution of positron source for the results of a positron annihilation lifetime spectrum (PALS) is simulated using Geant4 code. The geometrical structure of PALS measurement system is a sandwich structure: the 22Na radiation source is encapsulated by Kapton films, and the specimens are attached on the outside of the films. The probabilities of a positron being annihilated in the films, annihilated in the targets, and the effect of positrons reflected back from the specimen surface, are simulated. The probability of a positron annihilated in the film is related to the species of targets and the source film thickness. The simulation result is in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data. Thus, modification of the source contribution calculated by Geant4 is viable, and it beneficial for the analysis of the results of PALS.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: Solution annealed type 316L austenitic stainless steels were irradiated using 2 MeV Fe ions at room temperature. The implanted fluences were 2012 ions/cm2 and 1013 ions/cm2, respectively. Variable mono-energetic positron beam was performed to characterize the evolution of microstructure and irradiation induced defects. Results show that large amount of vacancy defects formed after heavy ion irradiation. In which, some of mono-vacancies might migrate to form small-sized clusters at room temperature. After irradiation, implanted Fe atoms mainly be interstitials atoms, but some Fe atoms might recombine with vacancies due to their high mobility, which could decrease the defect concentration, effectively.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: Chitosan, CS, cross-linked with bivalent palladium has shown enhanced mechanical and thermal properties depending on the transformation of the structure at a microscopic scale. In the present study, CS directly cross-linked by palladium cation membranes (CS-cr-PM) were prepared through solution-casting method. The motion of chitosan chains was great suppressed after crosslinking, making a great reduce of swelling ratio by a water-swelling degree measurement, which led to molecular chain rigidity to be improvement. In order to investigate the chain packing at the molecular level in the ionic cross-linked CS system, the structure of chemically-crosslinked CS is investigated by means of the combined use of wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Infrared measurements, and a combination of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and simultaneous coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) spectroscopy offers coherent information on both the free-volume related sub-nano level molecular packing and the chemical surrounding of free volume nanoholes in CS-cr-PM as a function of palladium salt loading. The variations in free volume size and size distribution have been determined through the ortho-positroium (o-Ps) lifetime and its lifetime distribution. The studies showed that strong interaction between CS molecules and palladium cations results in the change of crystallinity in formed CS-cr-PM leading to variational chain packing density. Meanwhile, significant inhibition effects on positronium formation due to doping are observed, which could be interpreted in terms of the existence of chlorid ion. Applications of positron annihilation spectroscopy to study the microstructure and correlated positron annihilation characteristics in ionic cross-linked CS system are systematic discussed.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: Here, we investigated the irradiation defect in reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels by slow positron beam. Three ion-irradiation experiments were carried out: (i) He2+ irradiation, (ii) H+ irradiation and (iii) He2+ irradiation followed by H+ irradiation, at temperature 450 oC. The presents of vacancy defects, represented by ∆SHe+H parameter, induced by sequential irradiations was larger than the sum of defects, ∆SHe parameter + ∆SH parameter, caused by single He ions and single H ions. The synergistic effect of He and H was confirmed clearly from the perspective of positron annihilation spectroscopy.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: Fe–0.6%Cu alloy was irradiated with H ions to 0.1 dpa, and then annealed for 30 min from 150 oC to 500 oC. We focused the evolution of Cu precipitates in irradiated Fe–0.6%Cu alloy after the isochronal annealing from the perspective of positron annihilation. The ΔW parameters after thermal annealing (400 oC and 500 oC) were much larger than that induced by 0.1 dpa H irradiation. Annealing could promote the aggregation of the Cu-vacancy complexes, and form the Cu cluster–vacancies complexes. When the vacancy-like defects recovered around 500 oC, it meant the formation and growing of the defect-free Cu precipitates.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: A vibronic photoexcitation band at approximately 230 nm was found at 13 K in reactor neutron- and electron-irradiated magnesiumaluminate spinel ( MgOAl2O3). Vibronic structure was found to be temperature dependent and became obscure at over 120K. Huang Rhys factor S and Debye Temperature D were estimated from the temperature dependence of the 230 nm band bycurve-fitting method using Debye approximation. Origin of the vibronic photoexcitation band was suggested as F center.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:结构、力学和热性能 提交时间: 2017-03-26
摘要: The comprehensive structural and luminescence study of Sm-doped SiO2-Na2SO4 composite materials are reported. The samples were synthesized by melt-mixing mixture of Na2SO4 and SmF3 into the SiO2 matrix at 1050 C for 30 min. X-ray di raction (XRD) pattern shows the characteristic structure of the SiO2 and addition of 20% Na2SO4:Sm has no e ect on the basic crystal structure of the SiO2. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the clear di erence in morphological structure between the composite and host SiO2. From photoexcitation (PE) spectra of the as-synthesized composite, the highest excitation e ciency was observed at 402 nm. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of as-synthesized composite phosphors obtained under 402 nm excitation consist of five narrow emission bands with peaks at 563, 598, 644, 704 and 784 nm. These are assigned to the 4G5=2 ! 6HJ (J=5/2, 7/2, 9/2, 11/2 and 13/2, respectively) transitions within 4f5 electronic configuration of Sm3+. Highest luminescence intensity was observed with SiO2-10%Na2SO4:Sm.