Unconditional and robust quantum metrological advantage beyond NOON states

分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19

Jian Qin Yu-Hao Deng Han-Sen Zhong Li-Chao Peng Hao Su Yi-Han Luo Jia-Min Xu Dian Wu Si-Qiu Gong Hua-Liang Liu Hui Wang Ming-Cheng Chen Li Li Nai-Le Liu Chao-Yang Lu Jian-Wei Pan

摘要： Quantum metrology employs quantum resources to enhance the measurement sensitivity beyond that can be achieved classically. While multi-photon entangled NOON states can in principle beat the shot-noise limit and reach the Heisenberg limit, high NOON states are difficult to prepare and fragile to photon loss which hinders it from reaching unconditional quantum metrological advantages. Here, we combine the idea of unconventional nonlinear interferometers and stimulated emission of squeezed light, previously developed for photonic quantum computer Jiuzhang, to propose and realize a new scheme that achieves a scalable, unconditional, and robust quantum metrological advantage. We observe a 5.8(1)-fold enhancement above the shot-noise limit in the Fisher information extracted per photon, without discounting for photon loss and imperfections, which outperforms ideal 5-NOON states. The Heisenberg-limited scaling, the robustness to external photon loss, and the ease-to-use of our method make it applicable in practical quantum metrology at low photon flux regime.

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