分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We present a detailed study of the high mass X-ray binary Vela X-1, using observations performed by Insight-HXMT in 2019 and 2020, concentrating on timing analysis and spectral studies including pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy. The cyclotron line energy is found to be at ~21-27 keV and 43-50 keV for the fundamental and first harmonic, respectively. We present the evolution of spectral parameters and find that two line centroid energy ratio E2/E1 evolved from ~2 before MJD 58900 to ~1.7 after that. The harmonic cyclotron line energy has no relation to the luminosity but the fundamental line energy shows a positive correlation with X-ray luminosity, suggesting that Vela X-1 is located in the sub-critical accreting regime. In addition, the pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy in Vela X-1 is performed. Both the CRSF and continuum parameters show strong variability over the pulse phase with the ratio of two line energies about 2 near the peak phases, and down to ~1.6 around off-peak phases. Long-term significant variations of the absorption column density and its evolution over the pulse phase may imply the existence of the clumpy wind structure near the neutron star.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Z. H. An
X. L. Sun
D. L. Zhang
S. Yang
X. Q. Li
X. Y. Wen
K. Gong
X. H. Liang
X. J. Liu
Y. Q. Liu
Y. G. Li
S. L. Xiong
Y. B. Xu
Fan Zhang
X. Y. Zhao
C. Cai
Z. Chang
G. Chen
C. Chen
Y. Y. Du
摘要： Background: Each GECAM satellite payload contains 25 gamma-ray detectors (GRDs), which can detect gamma-rays and particles and can roughly localize the Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). GRD was designed using lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) crystal as the sensitive material with the rear end coupled with silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array for readout. Purpose: In aerospace engineering design of GRD, there are many key points to be studied. In this paper, we present the specific design scheme of GRD, the assembly and the performance test results of detectors. Methods: Based on Monte Carlo simulation and experimental test results, the specific schematic design and assembling process ofGRDwere optimized. After being fully assembled, theGRDswere conducted performance tests by using radioactive source and also conducted random vibration tests. Result and conclusion: The test results show that all satellite-borne GRDs have energy resolution <16% at 59.5 keV, meeting requirements of satellite in scientific performance. The random vibration test shows that GRD can maintain in a stable performance, which meets the requirement of spatial application.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
D. L. Zhang
X. L. Sun
Z. H. An
X. Q. Li
X. Y. Wen
K. Gong
C. Cai
Z. Chang
G. Chen
C. Chen
Y. Y. Du
M. Gao
R. Gao
D. Y. Guo
J. J. He
D. J. Hou
Y. G. Li
C. Y. Li
G. Li
L. Li
摘要： The discovery of gravitational waves and gamma-ray bursts heralds the era of multi-messenger astronomy. With the adoption of two small satellites to achieve the all-sky monitoring of gamma-ray bursts, the gravitational wave high-energy electromagnetic counterpart all-sky monitor (GECAM) possesses a quasi-real-time early warning ability and plays an important role in positioning the sources of gravitational waves and in subsequent observations.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Y. Q. Liu
K. Gong
X. Q. Li
X. Y. Wen
Z. H. An
C. Cai
Z. Chang
G. Chen
C. Chen
Y. Y. Du
M. Gao
R. Gao
D. Y. Guo
J. J. He
D. J. Hou
Y. G. Li
C. Y. Li
G. Li
L. Li
X. F. Li
摘要： The Gravitational Wave Burst High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM), consists of 2 small satellites that each contain 25 LaBr3 (lanthanum bromide doped with cerium chloride) detectors and 8 plastic scintillator detectors. The detector signals are read out using a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array. In this study, an acquisition algorithm for in-orbit real-time SiPM array data is designed and implemented, and the output event packet is defined. Finally, the algorithm's efficacy for event acquisition is verified.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We investigated the quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) features in the accretion-powered X-ray pulsar Cen X-3 observed by Insight-HXMT. For two observations in 2020 when Cen X-3 was in an extremely soft state, the power density spectrum revealed the presence of obvious QPO features at $\sim$40 mHz with an averaged fractional rms amplitude of $\sim9\%$. We study the mHz QPO frequency and rms amplitude over orbital phases, and find that the QPO frequency is $\sim$33-39 mHz at the orbital phase of 0.1-0.4, increasing to $\sim$37-43 mHz in the orbital phase of 0.4-0.8, but has no strong dependence on X-ray intensity. We also carried out an energy-dependent QPO analysis, the rms amplitude of the mHz QPOs have a decreasing trend as the energy increases from 2 to 20 keV. In addition, the QPO time-lag analysis shows that the time delay is $\sim 20$ ms (a hard lag) in the range of $\sim$5-10 keV, and becomes negative (time lag of $-(20-70)$ ms) above $\sim 10$ keV. The different QPO theoretical models are summarized and discussed. In the end, we suggest that these energy-dependent timing features as well as the origin of mHz QPOs in Cen X-3 may be ascribed to an instability when the accretion disk is truncated near the corotation radius.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
X. Chen
W. Wang
Y. M. Tang
Y. Z. Ding
Y. L. Tuo
A. A. Mushtukov
O. Nishimura
S. N. Zhang
M. Y. Ge
L. M. Song
F. J. Lu
S. Zhang
J. L. Qu
摘要： Cyclotron line scattering features are detected in a few tens of X-ray
pulsars (XRPs) and used as direct indicators of a strong magnetic field at the
surface of accreting neutron stars (NSs). In a few cases, cyclotron lines are
known to be variable with accretion luminosity of XRPs. It is accepted that the
observed variations of cyclotron line scattering features are related to
variations of geometry and dynamics of accretion flow above the magnetic poles
of a NS. A positive correlation between the line centroid energy and luminosity
is typical for sub-critical XRPs, where the accretion results in hot spots at
the magnetic poles. The negative correlation was proposed to be a specific
feature of bright super-critical XRPs, where radiation pressure supports
accretion columns above the stellar surface. Cyclotron line in spectra of
Be-transient X-ray pulsar GRO J1008-57 is detected at energies from $\sim 75
-90$ keV, the highest observed energy of cyclotron line feature in XRPs. We
report the peculiar relation of cyclotron line centroid energies with
luminosity in GRO J1008-57 during the Type II outburst in August 2017 observed
by Insight-HXMT. The cyclotron line energy was detected to be negatively
correlated with the luminosity at $3.2\times 10^{37}\,\ergs
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