分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Y. Wang
X. H. Xu
F. S. Wei
X. S. Feng
M. H. Bo
H. W. Tang
D. S. Wang
L. Bian
B. Y. Wang
W. Y. Zhang
Y. S. Huang
Z. Li
J. P. Guo
P. B. Zuo
C. W. Jiang
X. J. Xu
Z. L. Zhou
P. Zou
摘要： Although the sun is really far away from us, some solar activities could still influence the performance and reliability of space-borne and ground-based technological systems on Earth. Those time-varying conditions in space caused by the sun are also called space weather, as the atmospheric conditions that can affect weather on the ground. It is known that aviation activities can be affected during space weather events, but the exact effects of space weather on aviation are still unclear. Especially how the flight delays, the top topic concerned by most people, will be affected by space weather has never been thoroughly researched. By analyzing huge amount of flight data (~5X106 records), for the first time, we demonstrate that space weather events could have systematically modulating effects on flight delays. The average arrival delay time and 30-minute delay rate during space weather events are significantly increased by 81.34% and 21.45% respectively compared to those during quiet periods. The evident negative correlation between the yearly flight regularity rate and the yearly mean total sunspot number during 22 years also confirms such delay effects. Further studies indicate that the interference in communication and navigation caused by geomagnetic field fluctuations and ionospheric disturbances associated with the space weather events will increase the flight delay time and delay rate. These results expand the traditional field of space weather research and could also provide us with brand new views for improving the flight delay predications.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
X. H. Xu
Y. Wang
F. S. Wei
X. S. Feng
M. H. Bo
H. W. Tang
D. S. Wang
L. Bian
B. Y. Wang
W. Y. Zhang
Y. S. Huang
Z. Li
J. P. Guo
P. B. Zuo
C. W. Jiang
X. J. Xu
Z. L. Zhou
P. Zou
摘要： Solar flare is one of the severest solar activities on the sun, and it has many important impacts on the near-earth space. It has been found that flight arrival delays will increase during solar flare. However, the detailed intrinsic mechanism of how solar flares influence the delays is still unknown. Based on 5-years huge amount of flight data, here we comprehensively analyze the flight departure delays during 57 solar flares. It is found that the averaged flight departure delay time during solar flares increased by 20.68% (7.67 min) compared to those during quiet periods. It is also shown that solar flare related flight delays reveal apparent time and latitude dependencies. Flight delays during dayside solar flares are more serious than those during nightside flares, and the longer (shorter) delays tend to occur in the lower (higher) latitude airport. Further analyses suggest that flight delay time and delay rate would be directly modulated by the solar intensity (soft X-ray flux) and the Solar Zenith Angle. For the first time, these results indicate that the communication interferences caused by solar flares will directly affect flight departure delay time and delay rate. This work also expands our conventional understandings to the impacts of solar flares on human society, and it could also provide us with brand new views to help prevent or cope with flight delays.
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