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2023
6

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Astrophysical processes
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Your conditions: Benjamin J. Weiner

1. ChinaXiv:202303.04807
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CEERS Key Paper I: An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Steven L. Finkelstein Micaela B. Bagley Henry C. Ferguson Stephen M. Wilkins Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Casey Papovich L. Y. Aaron Yung Pablo Arrabal Haro Peter Behroozi Mark Dickinson Dale D. Kocevski Anton M. Koekemoer Rebecca L. Larson Aurelien Le Bail Alexa M. Morales Pablo G. Perez-Gonzalez Denis Burgarella Romeel Dave Michaela Hirschmann Rachel S. Somerville

Abstract： We present an investigation into the first 500 Myr of galaxy evolution from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. CEERS, one of 13 JWST ERS programs, targets galaxy formation from z~0.5 to z>10 using several imaging and spectroscopic modes. We make use of the first epoch of CEERS NIRCam imaging, spanning 35.5 sq. arcmin, to search for candidate galaxies at z>9. Following a detailed data reduction process implementing several custom steps to produce high-quality reduced images, we perform multi-band photometry across seven NIRCam broad and medium-band (and six Hubble broadband) filters focusing on robust colors and accurate total fluxes. We measure photometric redshifts and devise a robust set of selection criteria to identify a sample of 26 galaxy candidates at z~9-16. These objects are compact with a median half-light radius of ~0.5 kpc. We present an early estimate of the z~11 rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function, finding that the number density of galaxies at M_UV ~ -20 appears to evolve very little from z~9 to z~11. We also find that the abundance (surface density [arcmin^-2]) of our candidates exceeds nearly all theoretical predictions. We explore potential implications, including that at z>10 star formation may be dominated by top-heavy initial mass functions, which would result in an increased ratio of UV light per unit halo mass, though a complete lack of dust attenuation and/or changing star-formation physics may also play a role. While spectroscopic confirmation of these sources is urgently required, our results suggest that the deeper views to come with JWST should yield prolific samples of ultra-high-redshift galaxies with which to further explore these conclusions.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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2. ChinaXiv:202303.03219
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Dusty Starbursts Masquerading as Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies in JWST CEERS Observations

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Jorge A. Zavala Veronique Buat Caitlin M. Casey Denis Burgarella Steven L. Finkelstein Micaela B. Bagley Laure Ciesla Emanuele Daddi Mark Dickinson Henry C. Ferguson Maximilien Franco E. F. Jim'enez-Andrade Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Anton M. Koekemoer Aurélien Le Bail E. J. Murphy Casey Papovich Sandro Tacchella Stephen M. Wilkins Itziar Aretxaga

Abstract： Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG) candidates at z>10 are rapidly being identified in JWST/NIRCam observations. Due to the (redshifted) break produced by neutral hydrogen absorption of rest-frame UV photons, these sources are expected to drop out in the bluer filters while being well detected in redder filters. However, here we show that dust-enshrouded star-forming galaxies at lower redshifts (z<7) may also mimic the near-infrared (near-IR) colors of z>10 LBGs, representing potential contaminants in LBG candidate samples. First, we analyze CEERS-DSFG-1, a NIRCam dropout undetected in the F115W and F150W filters but detected at longer wavelengths. Combining the JWST data with (sub)millimeter constraints, including deep NOEMA interferometric observations, we show that this source is a dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) at z~5.1. We also present a tentative 2.6sigma SCUBA-2 detection at 850um around a recently identified z~16 LBG candidate in the same field and show that, if the emission is real and associated with this candidate, the available photometry is consistent with a z~5 dusty galaxy with strong nebular emission lines despite its blue near-IR colors. Further observations on this candidate are imperative to mitigate the low confidence of this tentative submillimeter emission and its positional uncertainty. Our analysis shows that robust (sub)millimeter detections of NIRCam dropout galaxies likely imply z=4-6 redshift solutions, where the observed near-IR break would be the result of a strong rest-frame optical Balmer break combined with high dust attenuation and strong nebular line emission, rather than the rest-frame UV Lyman break. This provides evidence that DSFGs may contaminate searches for ultra high-redshift LBG candidates from JWST observations.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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3. ChinaXiv:202303.03570
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ALMA FIR View of Ultra High-redshift Galaxy Candidates at $z\sim$ 11-17: Blue Monsters or Low-$z$ Red Interlopers?

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Seiji Fujimoto Steven L. Finkelstein Denis Burgarella Chris L. Carilli Véronique Buat Caitlin M. Casey Laure Ciesla Sandro Tacchella Jorge A. Zavala Gabriel Brammer Yoshinobu Fudamoto Masami Ouchi Francesco Valentino M. C. Cooper Mark Dickinson Maximilien Franco Mauro Giavalisco Taylor A. Hutchison Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Anton M. Koekemoer

Abstract： We present ALMA Band 7 observations of a remarkably bright galaxy candidate at $z_{\rm phot}$=$16.7^{+1.9}_{-0.3}$ ($M_{\rm UV}$=$-21.6$), S5-z17-1, identified in JWST Early Release Observation data of Stephen's Quintet. We do not detect the dust continuum at 866 $\mu$m, ruling out the possibility that S5-z17-1 is a low-$z$ dusty starburst with a star-formation rate (SFR) of $\gtrsim 30\,M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. We detect a 5.1$\sigma$ line feature at $338.726\pm0.007$ GHz exactly coinciding with the JWST source position, with a 2% likelihood of the signal being spurious. The most likely line identification would be [OIII]52$\mu$m at $z=16.01$ or [CII]158$\mu$m at $z=4.61$, whose line luminosities do not violate the non-detection of the dust continuum in both cases. Together with three other $z\gtrsim$ 11-13 candidate galaxies recently observed with ALMA, we conduct a joint ALMA and JWST spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis and find that the high-$z$ solution at $z\sim$11-17 is favored in every candidate as a very blue (UV continuum slope of $\approx-2.3$) and luminous ($M_{\rm UV}$ $\approx$ [$-$24:$-$21]) system. Still, we find in some candidates that reasonable SED fits ($\Delta$ $\chi^{2}\lesssim4$) are reproduced by type-II quasar and/or quiescent galaxy templates with strong emission lines at $z\sim3$-5, where such populations predicted from their luminosity functions and EW([OIII]+H$\beta$) distributions are abundant in survey volumes used for the $z\sim$11-17 candidates. While these recent ALMA observation results have strengthened the likelihood of the high-$z$ solutions, lower-$z$ possibilities are not completely ruled out in some of the $z\sim$11-17 candidates.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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4. ChinaXiv:202303.03693
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New $z > 7$ Lyman-alpha Emitters in EGS: Evidence of an Extended Ionized Structure at $z \sim 7.7$

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Intae Jung Steven L. Finkelstein Rebecca L. Larson Taylor A. Hutchison Amber N. Straughn Micaela B. Bagley Marco Castellano Nikko J. Cleri M. C. Cooper Mark Dickinson Henry C. Ferguson Benne W. Holwerda Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe Seonwoo Kim Anton M. Koekemoer Casey Papovich Hyunbae Park Laura Pentericci Pablo G. Perez-Gonzalez Mimi Song

Abstract： We perform a ground-based near-infrared spectroscopic survey using the Keck/MOSFIRE spectrograph to target Ly$\alpha$ emission at $7.0$4$\sigma$ level in eight $z>7$ galaxies, which include additional members of the known $z\sim7.7$ Ly$\alpha$-emitter (LAE) cluster (Tilvi et al. 2020). With the addition of these newly-discovered $z\sim7.7$ LAEs, this is currently the largest measured LAE cluster at $z>7$. The unusually-high Ly$\alpha$ detection rate at $z\sim7.7$ in this field suggests significantly stronger Ly$\alpha$ emission from the clustered LAEs than from the rest of our targets. We estimate the ionized bubble sizes around these LAEs and conclude that the LAEs are clustered within an extended ionized structure created by overlapping ionized bubbles which allow the easier escape of Ly$\alpha$ from galaxies. It is remarkable that the brightest object in the cluster has the lowest measured redshift of the Ly$\alpha$ line, being placed in front of the other LAEs in the line-of-sight direction. This suggests that we are witnessing the enhanced IGM transmission of Ly$\alpha$ from galaxies on the rear side of an ionized area. This could be a consequence of Ly$\alpha$ radiative transfer: Ly$\alpha$ close to the central velocity is substantially scattered by the IGM while Ly$\alpha$ from the rear-side galaxies is significantly redshifted to where it has a clear path.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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5. ChinaXiv:202303.02409
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CEERS: Spatially Resolved UV and mid-IR Star Formation in Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 2.5: The Picture from the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Lu Shen Casey Papovich Guang Yang Jasleen Matharu Xin Wang Benjamin Magnelli David Elbaz Shardha Jogee Anahita Alavi Pablo Arrabal Haro Bren E. Backhaus Micaela B. Bagley Eric F. Bell Laura Bisigello Antonello Calabrò M. C. Cooper Luca Costantin Emanuele Daddi Mark Dickinson Steven L. Finkelstein

Abstract： We present the mid-IR (MIR) morphologies for 70 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at $0.210^{9}~M_\odot}$ using JWST MIRI observations from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science survey (CEERS). The MIRI bands span the MIR (7.7--21 $\mu$m), enabling us to measure the effective radii ($R_{\mathrm{eff}}$) and S\'{e}rsic indexes of these SFGs at rest-frame 6.2 and 7.7 $\mu$m, which contains strong emission from Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features, a well-established tracer of star formation in galaxies. We compare the PAH-band morphologies to those in rest-frame Near-UV (NUV) using HST ACS/F435W or ACS/F606W and optical/near-IR using HST WFC3/F160W imaging from UVCANDELS and CANDELS, where the NUV-band and F160W trace the profile of (unobscured) massive stars and the stellar continuum, respectively. The $R_{\mathrm{eff}}$ of galaxies in the PAH-band are slightly smaller ($\sim$10) than those in F160W for more massive galaxies with $\mathrm{M_*\gtrsim10^{9.5}~M_\odot}$ at $z\leq1.2$ and with $\mathrm{M_*\gtrsim10^{10}~M_\odot}$ at $z\geq1.2$, but the PAH-band and F160W have a similar fractions of light within 1 kpc. In contrast, the $R_{\rm{eff}}$ of galaxies in the NUV-band are larger, with lower fractions of light within 1 kpc compared to the F160W for galaxies at $z\leq1.2$. Using the MIRI data to estimate the surface density of the IR-based SFR, we find the correlation between the IR-based SFR surface density and stellar mass has a steeper slope than that of the UV-based surface density and stellar mass, suggesting galaxies with higher stellar masses having increasing amounts of obscured fraction of star formation in their inner regions. This paper demonstrates how the high-angular resolution data from JWST/MIRI can reveal new information about the morphology of obscured-star formation.

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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6. ChinaXiv:202303.03385
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CEERS Key Paper IV: Galaxies at $4 < z < 9$ are Bluer than They Appear -- Characterizing Galaxy Stellar Populations from Rest-Frame $\sim 1$ micron Imaging

Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19

Casey Papovich Justin Cole Guang Yang Steven L. Finkelstein Guillermo Barro Véronique Buat Denis Burgarella Pablo G. Pérez-González Paola Santini Lise-Marie Seillé Lu Shen Pablo Arrabal Haro Micaela B. Bagley Eric F. Bell Laura Bisigello Antonello Calabrò Caitlin M. Casey Marco Castellano Katherine Chworowsky Nikko J. Cleri

Abstract： We present results from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Survey (CEERS) on the stellar-population parameters for 28 galaxies with redshifts $4展开 -->

Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review

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CEERS Key Paper I: An Early Look into the First 500 Myr of Galaxy Formation with JWST

Dusty Starbursts Masquerading as Ultra-high Redshift Galaxies in JWST CEERS Observations

ALMA FIR View of Ultra High-redshift Galaxy Candidates at $z\sim$ 11-17: Blue Monsters or Low-$z$ Red Interlopers?

New $z > 7$ Lyman-alpha Emitters in EGS: Evidence of an Extended Ionized Structure at $z \sim 7.7$

CEERS: Spatially Resolved UV and mid-IR Star Formation in Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 2.5: The Picture from the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes

CEERS Key Paper IV: Galaxies at $4 < z < 9$ are Bluer than They Appear -- Characterizing Galaxy Stellar Populations from Rest-Frame $\sim 1$ micron Imaging