Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Since the implementation of the major function oriented zoning, the ecological space of key ecological functional areas has continuously expanded, with a significant increase in vegetation coverage. Concurrently, there has been a dual change in population dynamics, characterized by a decrease in total population and an increase in the urban population. Furthermore, significant achievements have been made in economic and social development, and there has been a steady improvement in the functions of ecological security barriers, contributing to an alleviation of tension in human-environment relationships. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is imperative to adhere to the functional orientation primarily focused on providing ecological services or products. While consolidating provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural ecosystem services, there is an increased emphasis on enhancing the quality of these services, thereby constructing a more diversified, stable, and sustainable ecological foundation. Furthermore, exploring compatible functions of eco-product development and utilization promote greening and decarbonization, aiming to establish an inclusive conservation approach that advances modernization characterized by harmony between humanity and nature. In the 15th Five-Year Plan period, ecological regions will not only be crucial components of the new territorial security pattern but also pillars of the new territorial development pattern. Optimization recommendations are as follows. From the perspective of strategic patterns, it is necessary to enhance the spatial connection and supply-demand interaction between ecological security barriers and the territorial development pattern. In detail, continued efforts are needed to consolidate the national ecological security barriers, optimize the pattern of key ecological functional areas, integrate the system of natural protected areas, and strictly adhere to ecological conservation red lines. Moreover, a greater focus should be on upgrading quality of ecosystem service functions through classification, fully implementing the holistic approach to protecting and restoring mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and sand, actively fostering new growth drivers for green development, accelerating the establishment of a refined zoning control system, and synergistically advancing reforms and innovations of institutions and mechanisms. These measures aim to support high-quality development in ecological regions through high-standard protection.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Based on the systematic review of the research progress on China’s relative poverty, this study discussed the distribution characteristics of the relative poverty areas (RPAs), the basis of regional function types, and proposed the policy recommendations. There are three main periods concerning sustainable development research on RPAs: (1) The concept of “relative poverty” was adopted for the first time to carry out scientific research on regional sustainable development. (2) It supported the RPAs to become an important type of the area to promote sustainable development policies in underdeveloped areas in China. (3) It deployed a protracted battle in advance to support the development of RPAs before the comprehensive accomplishment of anti-poverty. The change characteristics of the RPAs and the regional function types indicated that the scale of the relative poverty population in China has remained at around 200 million for a long time, and the pattern of concentrated distribution has not changed. Meanwhile, taking ecological service function as the main regional function types, areas with and lack of development conditions coexist in the RPAs constrained by the natural carrying capacity. Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the simultaneous realization of modernization in the RPAs on a higher stage as follows. From a global perspective, the optimization regulation and spatial governance of the Man-Land system should be carried out to stabilize the national defense, ecological, food, energy, and social security. For regions with development potential, the comparative advantages of the resources and ecology should be transformed into economic advantages through mechanism innovation, thereby solving the intergenerational transfer under “path dependence” and the interregional exfoliation under the “Matthew effect”. For regions lack of development conditions, natural carrying capacity should be steadily unloaded, the mountain, forest, farmland, lake, and grassland should be conserved systematically, and the equalization level of basic public services should be improved comprehensively.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Poverty is a major challenge faced by human development, especially the global problem that has plagued developing countries, including China, for a long time. As rural absolute poverty population and poverty-stricken counties will achieve poverty alleviation in 2020, China’s anti-poverty focus in the new era will begin to shift from targeted poverty alleviation in absolute poverty areas to high-quality development through comprehensive measures in relative poverty areas. Based on an initially constructed conceptual model of high-quality development in relative poverty areas, this article analyzed the internal and external constraints from the sustainability of individual and regional scales, and further proposed comprehensive policies to ensure that poverty would not be returned after 2020 and high-quality development would be achieved. It is necessary to guide the rational flow of population and development factors, reshape the appearance of urban and rural interaction and equivalent development, further promote the value of resources and ecological advantages, and focus on key poverty areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Taking the “14th Five-Year Plan” period as the transition period, formulate flexible and accurate identification standards for relative poverty population and areas, focus on the integration of various poverty alleviation policy tools and resources, and form a centralized, distributed, and mobile highquality infrastructure and public service guarantee system.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： “Double evaluation”, the abbreviation of the evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity and territorial development suitability, is the important basis and prerequisite for the implementation of spatial planning. This study systematically expounded the scientific concept, study framework, and research process of “double evaluation”, and discussed the core role in promoting the high-quality development of spatial development. This article firstly depicts the main development of “double evaluation” in MFOZ researches, including the proposal and improvement of the theoretical concept, the establishment of evaluation framework, and the application in MFOZ planning. Then, we analyze the main function of “double evaluation” and its irreplaceable fundamental role in optimizing spatial development pattern. As an effective means of cognizing land surface, “double evaluation” could provide the comprehensive and scientific understanding of regional background conditions as well as recognizing the prominent problems and major contradictions in spatial development. Based on it, the “double evaluation” would support basic materials for spatial planning compilation and guiding spatial planning implications by coupling various types of planning in different levels and supervising the implementation of planning. The limitations and proposals of the “double evaluation” are discussed to proper use it in actual work, which emphasizes that the adjustment of technical methods with local conditions and other basic work should also be taken into account. Meanwhile, we discussed the main features and problems of “Guidelines for the Evaluation of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity and Territorial Development Suitability (Trial)”, which was recently released by the Ministry of Natural Resources. Lastly, suggestions are made on the direction of improving and deepening the method and application of “double evaluation” in the optimization of spatial development pattern.
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