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Your conditions: 李凤娜
  • Long-term Observational Studies of Complex Agro-ecosystem Promotes Agricultural Sustainable Development in Hilly Red Soil Region of South China

    Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》

    Abstract: The red soil hilly areas in South China were prone to soil erosion due to their poor soil viscosity, poor water permeability, and inadequate seasonal rainfall distribution. Inappropriate tillage measures aggravated soil erosion, decreased soil fertility, and therefore restricted the sustainable development of local agriculture. Since the Taoyuan Agro-ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) was established in 1979, researchers have systematically upgraded management of regional agricultural ecosystem, increased the overall agricultural benefits, and established a technical system and an optimized mode of the comprehensive development of regional agriculture in the station. The demonstration and promotion will provide important theoretical and technical support for soil erosion control, regional agricultural restructuring, and the improvement of farmland productivity and ecological environment in red soil hilly areas in South China. We have systematically studied the formation mechanism of gley and secondary gley paddy soil to provide technical support for gleyed paddy field management; the coordination mechanism between sustainable productivity and system health of paddy field ecosystem to provide theoretical basis and technical support for sustainable and efficient production of paddy field ecosystem in red soil; the microbial mechanism driving the key processes of N2O and CH4 emission from rice fields to provide vital scientific basis for reducing greenhouse gas emission in farmland of China; the distribution pattern and the main driving factors of soil bacteria and denitrifying microorganism in farmland to depict the composition of farmland soil microbial community in the large scale; the control mechanism of functional amino acid metabolism and physiological function of pig diet to scientifically improve the level of pig breeding and the development of China’s pig breeding industry in a healthy and sustainable way; nitrogen transformation mechanism in vegetable soil and the corresponding control measures to provide a strong theoretical foundation and technical support for nitrogen control in vegetable soil; the characteristics and influencing factors of nutrient loss in typical farmland ecosystem, the model of nitrogen and phosphorus interception and ecological absorption in hilly composite agricultural ecosystem to provide technical support for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland ecosystems; recycling utilization model of agricultural and pastoral resources to promote the sustainable development of local agriculture. In the future, the scientists of Taoyuan Agro-ecosystem Research Station will make greater contribution to the sustainable development of regional agriculture under the guidance of the “Pioneer Initiative Action ” plan of CAS.

  • 饲粮减少矿物元素对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标以及骨骼肌矿物元素含量的影响

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本试验旨在研究饲粮中减少铁、锰、锌、镁和铜5种矿物元素添加量对育肥猪后期生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标以及骨骼肌矿物元素含量的影响。选用体况良好、体重接近[(76.17±1.58) kg]的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪300头,随机分成3个组,每组10个重复,每个重复10头猪,公母各占1/2。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮减少30%和60%矿物元素的饲粮。预试期3 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮减少30%和60%矿物元素对育肥猪的生长性能和肉品质无显著影响(P>0.05);2)饲粮减少30%和60%矿物元素,育肥猪血清氨含量显著升高(P0.05),而减少60%矿物元素使得骨骼肌铜、铁和锰元素含量显著降低(P<0.05)。由此得知,育肥猪饲粮中铁、锰、锌、镁和铜元素的含量可减少NRC(2012)推荐量的30%,而不会影响育肥猪后期的生长性能和肉品质。

  • 肌纤维类型转化的分子信号通路及其营养调控进展

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:骨骼肌由不同类型的肌纤维组成,根据肌纤维肌球蛋白重链的不同,将肌纤维分为Ⅰ、Ⅱa、Ⅱx和Ⅱb型。骨骼肌中肌纤维类型的组成可影响屠宰后肉质,而肌纤维类型的转化则受体内多种信号通路和调控因子的调节以及饲粮营养因素的调控。本文对肌纤维转化的分子信号通路及其营养调控进行初步总结,为今后研究通过营养策略调控肉品质提供参考。

  • 酵母水解物与复合酶制剂或微生态制剂组合替代血浆蛋白粉对保育猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本试验旨在研究酵母水解物与复合酶制剂或微生态制剂联合应用对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选用体况良好、体重接近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交35日龄保育猪480头,随机分成5组,公母各占1/2,每组8个重复,每个重复12头猪。采用单因子试验设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2%血浆蛋白粉(组1)、0.5%酵母水解物(组2)、0.5%酵母水解物+0.02%复合酶制剂(组3)和0.5%酵母水解物+0.03%微生态制剂(组4)。试验预试期3 d;正试期25 d,分为Ⅰ期(1~14 d)和Ⅱ期(15~25 d)2个阶段。结果表明:1)试验Ⅰ期,各试验组保育猪平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)均比对照组显著增加(P0.05),但与对照组相比,组1保育猪的ADFI显著提高(P0.05)。由此可知,血浆蛋白粉和酵母水解物能不同程度地改善保育猪的生长性能,酵母水解物具有替代保育猪饲粮中血浆蛋白粉的潜能,但酵母水解物与微生态制剂或复合酶制剂的联合应用并未产生协同效应。

  • 饲粮能氮水平对不同品种猪肉质性状及相关基因表达的影响

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本试验旨在研究饲粮能氮水平对不同品种猪肉质性状以及肌纤维类型和细胞因子相关基因表达的影响。选取巴马香猪和长白猪共96头(48头/品种),随机分为4组,分别为长白猪饲喂NRC饲粮组、长白猪饲喂我国地方猪标准(GB)饲粮组、巴马香猪饲喂NRC饲粮组、巴马香猪饲喂GB饲粮组。试验从5周龄开始,至出栏时结束。分别于保育期、生长期和肥育期末,每组选择8头体况相近猪只屠宰,采集肌肉样品分析。结果表明:生长阶段显著影响了试验猪背最长肌熟肉率和肌球蛋白重链(MyHC)Ⅱx、MyHCⅡb及白细胞介素-15(IL-15)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),且随生长阶段呈增加趋势;与长白猪相比,巴马香猪的背最长肌熟肉率、MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),而滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05);与NRC饲粮相比,GB饲粮显著提高了生长期长白猪和巴马香猪的pH45min(P<0.05),显著上调了保育期和肥育期猪背最长肌MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平(P<0.05);与GB饲粮相比,NRC饲粮显著上调了生长期猪背最长肌MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。由此可见,品种和生长阶段均可显著影响肉质性状及相关基因的表达,饲粮能氮水平则主要通过与生长阶段产生互作效应影响肉质性状及肌纤维类型相关基因的表达。

  • 低聚木糖对仔猪生长性能、肌肉组织营养成分含量及肌纤维类型组成的影响

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平低聚木糖(XOS)对仔猪生长性能、背最长肌营养成分含量及肌纤维类型组成的影响,探讨XOS在仔猪饲粮中的最佳添加量及其对肌肉营养成分和肌纤维类型组成的调控作用。试验选取健康的21日龄“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪120头,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复5头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组)分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、250和500 mg/kg XOS的饲粮,试验期为56 d。试验结束后,每重复选取1头接近平均体重的仔猪进行屠宰取样。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,Ⅰ组仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著增加(P0.05);2)各组之间背最长肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪以及游离氨基酸包括亮氨酸、甘氨酸及天冬氨酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05),其他氨基酸含量试验组与对照组相比均有不同程度地升高或降低;3)与对照组相比,Ⅰ组肌球蛋白重链(MyHC)Ⅱa和MyHC Ⅱx mRNA相对表达量显著增加(P0.05)。由此可知,仔猪饲粮中合理添加XOS能提高生长性能,促进慢肌纤维相关基因的表达,推荐添加水平为100~250 mg/kg。

  • 能量感应网络AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-lα调节骨骼肌纤维类型转化研究进展

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ辅助激活因子α(PGC-1α)和沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)构成一个调节细胞能量输出的信号网络,即能量感应网络,共同调节机体能量代谢、线粒体功能以及肌纤维类型的转化。本文拟综合国内外最新研究报道,总结AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-lα能量感应网络在肌纤维类型转化过程中所发挥的重要作用,为畜牧生产以及人的营养研究提供参考。

  • 绿原酸的生物活性及其作用机制研究进展

    Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》

    Abstract:绿原酸(CGA)是一种广泛存在的多酚类物质,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和降糖降脂等多种生物学功能,在动物生产和人体健康领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文简要综述了CGA的来源与分布、理化性质、生物活性及其主要作用机制,为CGA的深入研究和进一步开发应用提供参考依据。