Subjects: Geosciences >> Geology submitted time 2023-08-23 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Over the past 45 years, China has accomplished great achievements in carrying out “Three-North” project. Through largescale vegetation construction, the trends of land desertification, soil salinization, soil erosion and the deterioration of people’s living environment in the “Three-North” areas have been effectively restrained. The people in the desert area are getting rid of poverty and living a healthy life. In the new era, the “Three-North” project has encountered new demands, new challenges and new opportunities, and it is urgent to achieve a significant transform and upgrade and to improve quality and efficiency. This paper summarizes the current situation of the “Three-North” project construction, focuses on the three-north project general planning and the sixth phase planning and the realization path of the “three transformations”, interprets the strategic planning of the “three iconic battles” in the next ten years, and describes the strategic vision of “New Three-North” in the future. A series of specific policy suggestions are put forward such as strengthening institution and capacity building , demonstration zone planning and strengthening scientific and technological support.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geology submitted time 2023-08-23 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： China has made remarkable achievements in combating desertification over the past 70 years. At present, China has entered a new stage of combating desertification while facing many problems such as large desertification land base and high difficulty in combating desertification, and it is more important to meet the national strategic needs of ecological construction, rural revitalization, and the development and utilization of renewable energy in desert, Gobi, and wasteland areas. The strategic choice of combating desertification in China in the new era is overall improvement and key breakthroughs. The core of the strategy is whole-area governance, innovation-driven, and technology integration. The institutional arrangement of preferential policies is to fully implement the “one desert, four mechanisms” (cultivation, prevention, combating, and utilization), make every effort to win the “three iconic battles” of the “Three-North” battle, give priority to the implementation of key demonstration projects, and accelerate the update of policy. A new engine of science and technology will be built to improve the quality and efficiency for combating desertification, draw a bright vision of Chinese-style modernization featuring integration of production, life, and ecology and harmonization between human being and desert, and promote the “Chinese solution” of combating desertification to benefit the whole world.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-08-12 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Over the past 45 years, China has accomplished great achievements in carrying out “Three-North” project. Through largescale vegetation construction, the trends of land desertification, soil salinization, soil erosion and the deterioration of people’s living environment in the “Three-North” areas have been effectively restrained. The people in the desert area are getting rid of poverty and living a healthy life. In the new era, the “Three-North” project has encountered new demands, new challenges and new opportunities, and it is urgent to achieve a significant transform and upgrade and to improve quality and efficiency. This paper summarizes the current situation of the “Three-North” project construction, focuses on the three-north project general planning and the sixth phase planning and the realization path of the “three transformations”, interprets the strategic planning of the “three iconic battles” in the next ten years, and describes the strategic vision of “New Three-North” in the future. A series of specific policy suggestions are put forward such as strengthening institution and capacity building , demonstration zone planning and strengthening scientific and technological support.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-08-12 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： China has made remarkable achievements in combating desertification over the past 70 years. At present, China has entered a new stage of combating desertification while facing many problems such as large desertification land base and high difficulty in combating desertification, and it is more important to meet the national strategic needs of ecological construction, rural revitalization, and the development and utilization of renewable energy in desert, Gobi, and wasteland areas. The strategic choice of combating desertification in China in the new era is overall improvement and key breakthroughs. The core of the strategy is whole-area governance, innovation-driven, and technology integration. The institutional arrangement of preferential policies is to fully implement the “one desert, four mechanisms” (cultivation, prevention, combating, and utilization), make every effort to win the “three iconic battles” of the “Three-North” battle, give priority to the implementation of key demonstration projects, and accelerate the update of policy. A new engine of science and technology will be built to improve the quality and efficiency for combating desertification, draw a bright vision of Chinese-style modernization featuring integration of production, life, and ecology and harmonization between human being and desert, and promote the “Chinese solution” of combating desertification to benefit the whole world.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in which land degradation neutrality (LDN) is one of the important targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 15.3). However, due to varies indicative symptoms of land degradation in different climatic/geographical zones and land use types, the complexity of factors affecting land degradation or improvement, and the limits of spatial and temporal scope to define land degradation, for a long time, there was lack of common accepted methodology to identify land degradation, and short of key data set to establish reference baselines, and measure progress of SDG 15.3, which hinders the realization of SDG 15.3 by 2030. As a typical representative of a data-intensive scientific paradigm, Big Earth Data provides the possibility to solve this data gap. Focusing on two important aspects of SDG 15.3 reporting, namely baseline determination and progress monitoring, this article introduces the key challenges we faced, the potential of Big Earth Data and the practices we have taken. Finally, the prospects for harnessing Big Earth Data to facilitate SDG 15.3 in the future are outlined.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Desert Ecosystem Research Network in China now is consist of 26 national ecological stations, the network layout covers the eight major deserts, the four major sandy lands, the alpine region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the karst and other special environments, and undertakes the tasks of positioning observation, monitoring and evaluation, scientific research, demonstration services and base construction of desert ecosystems in China by more than 20 years’ establishment. Relying on the network of ecological stations, large desert and Gobi comprehensive scientific investigations are organized to fill the final blank of desert scientific research in China; the Chinese scheme of comprehensive desertification control is explored, the classical models of the four typical regions are integrated, and industry and discipline standards are formulated. In the new era, the network of desert ecological stations should be based on the advantages of the industry, strengthen the network-connected cooperation, optimize the layout of the network, improve observation technology, expand the scale of research, face the major strategic needs of the country, serve regional social and economic development, answer social and scientific concerns, and provide all-round scientific and technological support for the achievement of the 2030 sustainable development goals.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Desert is the typical original ecosystem in arid and semi-arid zones of China and is characterized by its unique structure, functions and services. This study, based on the national forestry standard Assessment Criteria of Desert Ecosystem Services in China and the fifth National Desertification and Sandification Monitoring data, first estimated the total value of China’s desert ecosystem services in 2014 to be 4227.9 billion CNY (in 2014 prices), of which, wind break and sand fixation, hydrological regulation, soil conservation, and carbon sequestration consisted of 40.1%, 24.2%, 18.1% and 17.0%, respectively, and biodiversity conservation and landscape recreation together accounted for less than 1%. By eliminating the impacts of price change, the real value of China’s desert ecosystem services was increased by 120.2 billion CNY (in 2014 prices) from 2009 to 2014, of which improvement in wind break and sand fixation service contributed the most (by 47.5%). We tried to measure the equilibrium degree of ecological protection and economic growth by the ratio of ecosystem service value to GDP. The ratios of the provincial regions wholly or partly covered by desert ecosystem all decreased during 2009 and 2014, with a decrease range between 19.4% and 38.8%, which indicates that the speed of desert ecosystem function raising and service enhancement was slower than regional economic growth. The protection and rehabilitation of desert ecosystem needs to be accelerated along with economic growth, thus a higher equilibrium degree of economic growth and function raising and service enhancement of desert ecosystem can be achieved in the northwestern arid and semi-arid regions in China.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Desertification, since initial recognition in 1927 and common definition in 1992, through its vicissitudes, is still one of the serious global environmental issues face the world and exists as the bottleneck of the development. Desertification threats the terrestrial ecological security and limits the sustainability of socio-economic development. In consideration of the impacts of desertification, an “Earth Cancer” and a persistent disease, the authors contribute four prescriptions of “good medicines” for the global initiatives to combat desertification, on the basic framework of Chinese strategies and experiences of “four horizontal beams and eight pillars”, in line with the 15.3 goal of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); namely, development of Protocol of United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and unification of Weights and Measures” (benchmarks and indicators) of the implementation and compliance of the UNCCD; setting up of global observation network to monitor the area change of dryland change; compilation of global natural desert (heritage) directory to leave behind landscape of aboriginal sand sea for future generations; initiation of “global governance action to combat desertification” to strive for achieving the target of Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) at 2030.
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