Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2023-08-12 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The main responsibility of the national strategic scientific and technological force is to focus on national strategic needs, refine key scientific problems in basic research, and gather resources to conduct original and leading scientific and technological research. The dual carbon goal is an internal requirement to implement the new development concept, construct a new development pattern, and promote high-quality development. It is a major strategic decision made by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in current domestic and international situations. We take the carbon neutrality major consulting project, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), as a specific case, summarize the methods and experiences of refining the key scientific issues of dual carbon oriented towards national strategic needs. We focus on the key technology demands of dual carbon, organize a multidisciplinary and collaborative team of experts, conduct systematic organization and in-depth research, widely absorb expert opinions and previous achievements, adhere to a problem-oriented approach, strengthen data support, ensure comprehensive and objective consultation views with strong pertinence, emphasize the decision support objectives, and adopt multiple measures to expand the application of consulting research results, providing reference for the practical application of carbon neutrality technology research and scientific organization and management in China.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims to review existing identification methods of sleeping beauties in science, discuss strengths and weaknesses of different kinds of methods, and put forward a brand-new method for identifying sleeping papers. [Method/process] This study is based on the Bcp index, which is a well-developed and accurate method for identifying sleeping beauties in science. Through referring to the core idea of using the "dispersion degree" of citation curve for identification, the concept of "coefficient of variation" in statistics is introduced to the new method. Then the PCV index is proposed to identify various citation curves, sleeping beauties in particular. [Result/conclusion] As is shown in the results, PCV index can effectively identify the sleeping beauties literature. In addition, compared to the Bcp index, the new method has the advantages of simplicity and accuracy, and further reduces the dependence on the total number of citations.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals is a major strategic decision made by the Chinese government, which will bring extensive and profound systemic changes for the economy and society. S&T is the core driving force that supports the goal of carbon neutrality. On the basis of the related concepts of carbon neutrality, this study analyzes the strategic actions and the characteristics of technological layout of carbon neutrality in developed countries/regions and international organizations. Major countries have promoted carbon neutrality through legislative regulation, energy strategies, technology roadmaps, carbon markets and other policy actions. They focus on deploying transformative green low-carbon technologies, such as hydrogen, CCUS, renewable energy, energy storage, nuclear energy, and clean power, to seize the technological commanding heights of the future green industrial revolution. Based on the two fundamental paths of achieving carbon neutrality — “emission reduction”, “increasing sinks”, and three research directions—“building a zero-carbon energy system”, “rebuilding low-carbon industrial processes”, and “ecological carbon sequestration and increasing sinks/negative emissions”, this study puts forward 14 important scientific issues aiming to guide more than 70 key technological breakthroughs. On the basis of all findings, 6 suggestions are proposed for China’s carbon neutrality strategy and technological layout as they are (1) strengthen the top-level design and scientific planning of the action plan for carbon neutrality; (2) accelerate the construction of the technology supporting system for carbon neutrality; (3) establish a zero#2;carbon energy system and a new power system; (4) accelerate the construction of the low-carbon industrial system; (5) promote the prospective applications of negative carbon emission technologies and the ecological carbon sequestrations; (6) Enhance the application of systematic solutions in carbon neutral strategic actions.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Carbon neutrality is a redefinition of human development mode, and a “self-reform” of the production paradigm. It not only affects the economic development of various countries, but also rebuilds the global geopolitical pattern. Since 2060 carbon neutrality target was proposed in September 2020, China has been working hard on exploring how to establish a system of the carbon neutral policy. By considering the system of carbon neutral policy in European Union that is relatively mature, this study comprehensively reviews and analyzes the EU’s system of carbon neutral policy from policy framework, key industry measures, R&D deployment support, and fiscal and financial measures, thus to provide the recommendations on the construction of the system of carbon neutral policy in China.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2017-09-08 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The resource and environment think tanks of the USA play an important role in global affairs. Its operation mechanism, think tank product systems and influence development mode are of great significance to our country’s think tank construction. [Method/process] This paper analyzed and summarized the characteristics and operation mechanism of American think tanks from various aspects based on the site inspection of several resources and environment think tanks in the United States. Given the demand and current situation of the resource and environment think tank construction in China, we put forward some recommendations for China’s construction of high-level think tanks of resources and environment. [Result/conclusion] The article argues that the construction of resource and environment think tanks in our country should gradually establish an influential think tank system, expand the channel of fund raising actively, raise the output of special field achievements and enhance the product influence.
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