Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As the “water tower” of Asia, the Tibetan Plateau provides basic water resources for the regional ecosystems. Among the variety of water resources, natural precipitation is most relevant to ecosystems, and temperature also affects soil moisture availability by regulating evapotranspiration, thus affecting ecosystem process. From the aspects of community composition and structure, vegetation phenology, coverage and productivity, and water conservation function by ecosystems, this paper reviewed the series of impacts caused by changed water resources on the Tibetan Plateau ecosystems in recent years, and the underlying mechanism was further revealed. The shifted water conditions led to changes in community coverage, species diversity, and relative importance of each species, thereby driving community succession. The strengthened preseason precipitation advanced spring phenology, and postponed autumn phenology. The preseason precipitation also adjusted the responses of vegetation phenology to temperature. Under global changes, the vegetation coverage increased and ecosystem productivity strengthened on the Tibetan Plateau, but with high spatial heterogeneities. The incongruous changes of temperature and precipitation complicated their effects on vegetation, as exhibited by their distinct relative determination effects in different areas. Water conservation by ecosystems stems from interactions among soil-vegetation-atmosphere, which is influenced by climate, vegetation, soil, human activities, etc. The future studies need to pay mounting attentions to the coupling effects of climates and vegetation cover on water conservation of ecosystems, and also attribute the separate contribution from each factor.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The Yellow River Delta is the world’s youngest delta and new land, also the youngest ecosystem. Its ecological environment is fragile, and the interaction among the river, the sea, and the land forms a unique geographical environment. The salinization of land and the wide distribution of saline land are two of the main features of the region, and agriculture is one of the leading industries in the region. Agricultural development is related to the efficient use and rational distribution of water resources in this area, related to the protection of the estuary wetland and the ecological environment of the whole region, and related to the efficient development and safety of land resources. It is also about the overall development of land and sea, as well as about the revitalization of the countryside. Therefore, the high quality development of saline agriculture is the important part of sustainable development of the region, while the development of high-quality agriculture in saline land is an important challenge. Based on the major strategic needs of the country, the current situation, and major problems of the development of the Yellow River Delta, this study puts forward a new model of efficient agricultural development in the saline-alkali areas of the Yellow River Delta, as well as some suggestions for the future ecological protection and high-quality development of the region. This study is also of great significance for the efficient development of saline land in China.
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