分类： 计算机科学 >> 自然语言理解与机器翻译 分类： 管理学 >> 公共管理 分类： 法学 >> 法律人工智能 分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 情报学 分类： 其他 >> 综合 提交时间： 2023-10-23
摘要： Purpose/significance Today, countries around the world are accelerating their transformation to digital government. Conversations with ChatGPT can shed light on the digital government transformation in the age of AI. Method/process Currently, GPT-3.5 offers users 30 free query credits per day. By creating an outline for the conversation, Chen Yu engaged in a dialog with ChatGPT on various issues of the digital government transformation. Result/conclusion In the age of AI, AI technologies, such as ChatGPT, have the potential to revolutionize digital government transformation by increasing efficiency, improving service delivery, and enabling data-driven decision making. While the benefits are immense, governments must also address issues of ethics, bias, and workforce adaptation to ensure responsible and inclusive AI deployments that deliver better services and work outcomes for their citizens.
分类： 机械工程 >> 机械工程其他学科 分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机软件 提交时间： 2022-02-16
摘要： 近年来，数字孪生受到了广泛关注，数字孪生也正在变得越来越复杂。目前的数字孪生案例大多集中在一个特定的场景上，面对多层次多场景的工作环境，甚至模型的交互与耦合，仍缺乏构建复杂数字孪生的方法。本文提出了一种标准化的基于模型分割和组装的复杂数字孪生模型的建模方法。首先，将数字孪生的复杂模型按照4C架构中的层次(Composition)、场景(Context) 、组件(Component)和代码(Code)划分为若干简单模型。层次和场景使数字孪生专注于特定尺度和场景中的有效元素。组件和代码用于开发简单数字孪生模型。其次，通过信息融合、多尺度关联、多场景交互，将数字孪生的简单模型组装成复杂模型。本体模型构建了不同数字孪生中实体的完整信息库。知识图谱在不同尺度的数字孪生之间架起了关系的桥梁。场景迭代实现行为交互和计算结果精度的提高。本文提供了一种可实现的方法来构建复杂的数字孪生模型，并支持组件和代码的复用促进数字孪生的快速开发。
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-28 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
Alex, Hardisty
Paul, Brack
Carole, Goble
Laurence, Livermore
Ben, Scott
Quentin, Groom
Stuart, Owen
Stian, Soiland-Reyes
摘要： A key limiting factor in organising and using information from physical specimens curated in natural science collections is making that information computable, with institutional digitization tending to focus more on imaging the specimens themselves than on efficiently capturing computable data about them. Label data are traditionally manually transcribed today with high cost and low throughput, rendering such a task constrained for many collection-holding institutions at current funding levels. We show how computer vision, optical character recognition, handwriting recognition, named entity recognition and language translation technologies can be implemented into canonical workflow component libraries with findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) characteristics. These libraries are being developed in a cloud#2; based workflow platformthe Specimen Data Refinery (SDR)founded on Galaxy workflow engine, Common Workflow Language, Research Object Crates (RO-Crate) and WorkflowHub technologies. The SDR can be applied to specimens labels and other artefacts, offering the prospect of greatly accelerated and more accurate data capture in computable form. Two kinds of FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) are created by packaging outputs of SDR workflows and workflow components as digital objects with metadata, a persistent identifier, and a specific type definition. The first kind of FDO are computable Digital Specimen (DS) objects that can be consumed/produced by workflows, and other applications. A single DS is the input data structure submitted to a workflow that is modified by each workflow component in turn to produce a refined DS at the end. The Specimen Data Refinery provides a library of such components that can be used individually, or in series. To cofunction, each library component describes the fields it requires from the DS and the fields it will in turn populate or enrich. The second kind of FDO, RO-Crates gather and archive the diverse set of digital and real-world resources, configurations, and actions (the provenance) contributing to a unit of research work, allowing that work to be faithfully recorded and reproduced. Here we describe the Specimen Data Refinery with its motivating requirements, focusing on what is essential in the creation of canonical workflow component libraries and its conformance with the requirements of an emerging FDO Core Specification being developed by the FDO Forum.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2025-04-10
Regadío , Dr. Alberto
G. Tejedor, Dr. J. Ignacio
Juan, Dr. J. Blanco
Sánchez-Prieto, S
Esteban, Dr. Luis
摘要： One of the most common noise type in particle physics detectors is white noise. Its impact inversely correlates with the shaping time of the signal. An extended shaping time would significantly improve resolution in pulse height measurement. However, prolonged shaping times elevate the risks associated with pile-up and detector saturation, particularly under conditions of high particle arrival rates. Therefore, it is necessary to reach a compromise on the shaping time in order to achieve a balance between these opposing effects. The originality of this study is to process pulses of a single particle detector with multiple shapers in parallel instead of one, enabling independent pulse analysis for each shaper. Subsequently, a Finite State Machine (FSM) is employed to select the optimal pulse height based on the current pulse arrival rate. The proposed method was implemented and evaluated using both Python and programmable logic. The results show how effective this technique is at reducing noise, which is shown through the analysis of energy histograms. Thus, this strategy offers a promising approach to enhancing particle detector performance, especially at fluctuating particle arrival rates.
分类： 管理学 >> 管理学其他学科 提交时间： 2022-11-25 合作期刊: 《Economics & Management Review》
摘要： China's cross-border e-commerce is an essential business component in today's digital trade. It is a key engine of exporting Chinese manufacturing products to the world, driving RMB cross-border payments, cross-border express delivery, and manufacturing capacity upgrades. COVID-19 outbreaking in year 2020 has been a recent boosted to the stay-at-home economy. This has also contributed to the development of Internet e-commerce, including China's cross-border e-commerce. As a result, digital trade and Chinese cross-border e-commerce have become a major part to focus in terms of business development. On the one hand, under China's One Belt, One Road strategy, the achievements of China's cross-border e-commerce trade has reached an impressive outcome to the world. Especially the market trade value and growth rate of cross-border e-commerce is magnificent. On the other hand, the shortcomings of cross-border e-commerce are also becoming increasingly obvious as the scale of development continues to expand. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese cross-border e-commerce in international e-commerce trade based on the development of e-commerce today. It gives opinions and suggestions on how to promote the high-quality development of cross-border e-commerce in the future and how to solve the shortcomings and mitigate potential risks, so as to help cross-border e-commerce have more sustainable development in the future.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： A fully digital beam position monitoring system (DBPM) has been designed for SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility). As analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a crucial part in the DBPM system, the sampling methods should be studied to achieve optimum performance. Different sampling modes were used and compared through tests. Long term variation among four sampling channels, which would introduce errors in beam position measurement, is studied, too. An interleaved distribution scheme was designed to address this issue. To evaluate the sampling methods, in-beam tests were conducted in SSRF. Test results indicate that with proper sampling methods, a turn-by-turn (TBT) position resolution better than 1 m is achieved, and the slow-acquisition (SA) position resolution is improved from 4.28 m to 0.17 m.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-18 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
van Reisen, Mirjam
Stokmans, Mia
Mawere, Munyaradzi
Basajja, Mariam
Ong'ayo, Antony Otieno
Nakazibwe, Primrose
Kirkpatrick, Christine
Chindoza, Kudakwashe
摘要： This article investigates expansion of the Internet of FAIR Data and Services (IFDS) to Africa, through the three GO FAIR pillars: GO CHANGE, GO BUILD and GO TRAIN. Introduction of the IFDS in Africa has a focus on digital health. Two examples of introducing FAIR are compared: a regional initiative for digital health by governments in the East Africa Community (EAC) and an initiative by a local health provider (Solidarmed) in collaboration with Great Zimbabwe University in Zimbabwe. The obstacles to introducing FAIR are identified as underrepresentation of data from Africa in IFDS at this moment, the lack of explicit recognition of situational context of research in FAIR at present and the lack of acceptability of FAIR as a foreign and European invention which affects acceptance. It is envisaged that FAIR has an important contribution to solve fragmentation in digital health in Africa, and that any obstacles concerning African participation, context relevance and acceptance of IFDS need to be removed. This will require involvement of African researchers and ICT-developers so that it is driven by local ownership. Assessment of ecological validity in FAIR principles would ensure that the context specificity of research is reflected in the FAIR principles. This will help enhance the acceptance of the FAIR Guidelines in Africa and will help strengthen digital health research and services.
分类： 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间： 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要： Nuclear pulse signal needs to be transformed to a suitable pulse shape to remove noise and improve energy resolution of a nuclear spectrometry system. In this paper, a new digital Gaussian shaping method is proposed. According to Sallen-Key analog Gaussian shaping filter circuits, the system function of Sallen-Key analog Gaussian shaping filter is deduced on the basis of Kirchhoff laws. The system function of the digital Gaussian shaping filter based on bilinear transformation is deduced too. The expression of unit impulse response of the digital Gaussian shaping filter is obtained by inverse z-transform. The response of digital Gaussian shaping filter is deduced from convolution sum of the unit impulse response and the digital nuclear pulse signal. The simulation and experimental results show that the digital nuclear pulse has been transformed to a pulse with a pseudo-Gaussian, which confirms the feasibility of the new digital Gaussian pulse shaping algorithm based on bilinear transformation.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-28 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
Peter, Wittenburg
Alex, Hardisty
Yann, Le Franc
Amirpasha, Mozaffari
Limor, Peer
Nikolay, A. Skvortsov
Zhiming, Zhao
Alessandro, Spinuso
摘要： The FAIR principles have been accepted globally as guidelines for improving data-driven science and data management practices, yet the incentives for researchers to change their practices are presently weak. In addition, data-driven science has been slow to embrace workflow technology despite clear evidence of recurring practices. To overcome these challenges, the Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research (CWFR) initiative suggests a large-scale introduction of self-documenting workflow scripts to automate recurring processes or fragments thereof. This standardised approach, with FAIR Digital Objects as anchors, will be a significant milestone in the transition to FAIR data without adding additional load onto the researchers who stand to benefit most from it. This paper describes the CWFR approach and the activities of the CWFR initiative over the course of the last year or so, highlights several projects that hold promise for the CWFR approaches, including Galaxy, Jupyter Notebook, and RO Crate, and concludes with an assessment of the state of the field and the challenges ahead.
分类： 动力与电气工程 >> 动力与电气工程其他学科 提交时间： 2022-11-16 合作期刊: 《Electrical & Electronic Engineering Research》
摘要：
It is obvious that the modern agriculture needs the support of modern finance. The agricultural credit guarantee system, is an important means to promote the financial capital into the agriculture industry, and to solve its financing difficulties and its high cost. The designing and application of agricultural guarantee digital system platform will not only be beneficial to accelerate transformation and promotion of the mode of agricultural development, but also be positive significance on the steady growth, promoting the reform, restructuring and livelihood. This paper summarizes the relevant literatures on agricultural guarantee system, designs and develops a set of agricultural guarantee digital system platform based on the application of blockchain and big data technology, and finds it achieves a lot of benefits and good effects based on the practice in China.
分类： 数字出版 >> 数字新闻 分类： 计算机科学 >> 自然语言理解与机器翻译 分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 情报学 分类： 法学 >> 法律人工智能 分类： 其他 >> 综合 提交时间： 2023-10-25
摘要： Purpose/significance ChatGPT is a chatbot program developed by OpenAI in the United States. Conversations with ChatGPT can shed light on the media and communication industry in the age of AI. Method/process Currently, GPT-3.5 offers users 30 free query credits per day. By creating an outline for the conversation, Chen Yu engaged in a dialog with ChatGPT on various issues of the media and communication industry. Result/conclusion AI technology, represented by ChatGPT, has a huge impact on the media and communication industry. In the AI era, the media and communication industry should enthusiastically embrace AI technology and use it responsibly to provide a better experience for audiences. At the same time, the government, technology companies, civil society organizations, individuals, etc. should work together with the media and communication industry to solve the problems of fake news, cyber harassment, and information cocoon that may be brought about by AI technology.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2025-02-07
Li, Dr. Nan
Ren, Prof. Xiangxiang
Li, Mr. Lepeng
Song, Dr. Mengjie
Li, Mr. Haoyu
Shu, Prof. Shibo
Li, Prof. Yaqiong
Zhang, Prof. Yongjie
Li, Miss Xufang
Gu, Prof. Yudong
Liu, Dr. Congzhan
Li, Prof. Haifeng
Li, Prof. Zhengwei
Gao, Prof. He
摘要： A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), functioning as a nonlinear response device, typically requires the incorporation of a flux-locked loop (FLL) circuit to facilitate linear amplification of the current signal transmitted through a superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) across a large dynamic range. This work presents a reasonable model of the SQUID-FLL readout system, based on a digital proportional-integral-differential (PID) flux negative feedback algorithm. This work investigates the effect of V-\phi shape on the performance of digital FLL circuits. Such as the impact factors of bandwidth, design limits of slew rate of the system and the influence of the shapes of SQUID V-\phi curve. Furthermore, the dynamic response of the system to X-ray pulse signals with rise time ranging from 4.4{\sim}281 \mathrm{{\mu}s} and amplitudes ranging from 6{\sim}8 \mathrm{\phi_0} was simulated. All the simulation results were found to be consistent with the existing mature theories, thereby validating the accuracy of the model. The results also provide a reliable modelling reference for the design of digital PID flux negative feedback and multiplexing SQUID readout electronic systems.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-28 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
摘要： Since their introduction by James Dixon in 2010, data lakes get more and more attention, driven by the promise of high reusability of the stored data due to the schema-on-read semantics. Building on this idea, several additional requirements were discussed in literature to improve the general usability of the concept, like a central metadata catalog including all provenance information, an overarching data governance, or the integration with (high-performance) processing capabilities. Although the necessity for a logical and a physical organisation of data lakes in order to meet those requirements is widely recognized, no concrete guidelines are yet provided. The most common architecture implementing this conceptual organisation is the zone architecture, where data is assigned to a certain zone depending on the degree of processing. This paper discusses how FAIR Digital Objects can be used in a novel approach to organize a data lake based on data types instead of zones, how they can be used to abstract the physical implementation, and how they empower generic and portable processing capabilities based on a provenance-based approach.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-28 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
摘要： There is a huge gap between (1) the state of workflow technology on the one hand and the practices in the many labs working with data driven methods on the other and (2) the awareness of the FAIR principles and the lack of changes in practices during the last 5 years. The CWFR concept has been defined which is meant to combine these two intentions, increasing the use of workflow technology and improving FAIR compliance. In the study described in this paper we indicate how this could be applied to machine learning which is now used by almost all research disciplines with the well-known effects of a huge lack of repeatability and reproducibility. Researchers will only change practices if they can work efficiently and are not loaded with additional tasks. A comprehensive CWFR framework would be an umbrella for all steps that need to be carried out to do machine learning on selected data collections and immediately create a comprehensive and FAIR compliant documentation. The researcher is guided by such a framework and information once entered can easily be shared and reused. The many iterations normally required in machine learning can be dealt with efficiently using CWFR methods. Libraries of components that can be easily orchestrated using FAIR Digital Objects as a common entity to document all actions and to exchange information between steps without the researcher needing to understand anything about PIDs and FDO details is probably the way to increase efficiency in repeating research workflows. As the Galaxy project indicates, the availability of supporting tools will be important to let researchers use these methods. Other as the Galaxy framework suggests, however, it would be necessary to include all steps necessary for doing a machine learning task including those that require human interaction and to document all phases with the help of structured FDOs.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-27 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
摘要： The introduction of a new technology or innovation is often accompanied by ups and downs in its fortunes. Gartner Inc. defined a so-called hype cycle to describe a general pattern that many innovations experience: technology trigger, peak of inflated expectations, trough of disillusionment, slope of enlightenment, and plateau of productivity. This article will compare the ongoing introduction of Open Science (OS) with the hype cycle model and speculate on the relevance of that model to OS. Lest the title of this article mislead the reader, be assured that the author believes that OS should happen and that it will happen. However, I also believe that the path to OS will be longer than many of us had hoped. I will give a brief history of the todays semi-open science, define what I mean by OS, define the hype cycle and where OS is now on that cycle, and finally speculate what it will take to traverse the cycle and rise to its plateau of productivity (as described by Gartner).
分类： 管理学 >> 管理学其他学科 提交时间： 2022-11-25 合作期刊: 《Economics & Management Review》
摘要： In the next 30 years, Suzhou manufacturing needs to change from emphasizing speed rather than quality to emphasizing quality rather than speed, and to realize the transformation from Made in Suzhou to Inspired in Suzhou and Created in Suzhou in terms of business model, technology and management. The transformation from Made in Suzhou to Inspired in Suzhou and Created in Suzhou in terms of business model, technology and management. Made in Suzhou is in line with the world trend of industrial development, focusing on intelligent and flexible production, emphasizing on improving labor productivity; while Created in Suzhou focuses more on the degree of technological innovation and product advancement. Industry 4.0 is the digitization and networking of manufacturing, through the combination of IT technology and manufacturing technology, creating intelligent factories, making production highly flexible and personalized, improving production efficiency and resource utilization efficiency. We insist on technology and product innovation, improve user experience, and firmly deepen and promote digitalization, automation and intelligence to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of global manufacturing. Through the construction of the system, Suzhou has the talent, foundation and method to export to the global manufacturing and help the future upgrading and development of Suzhou manufacturing.
分类： 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学的集成理论 提交时间： 2022-11-16 合作期刊: 《数据智能（英文）》
摘要： We examine the intersection of the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable), the challenges and opportunities presented by the aggregation of widely distributed and heterogeneous data about biological and geological specimens, and the use of the Digital Object Architecture (DOA) data model and components as an approach to solving those challenges that offers adherence to the FAIR principles as an integral characteristic. This approach will be prototyped in the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) project, the pan-European Research Infrastructure which aims to unify over 110 natural science collections across 21 countries. We take each of the FAIR principles, discuss them as requirements in the creation of a seamless virtual collection of bio/geo specimen data, and map those requirements to Digital Object components and facilities such as persistent identification, extended data typing, and the use of an additional level of abstraction to normalize existing heterogeneous data structures. The FAIR principles inform and motivate the work and the DO Architecture provides the technical vision to create the seamless virtual collection vitally needed to address scientific questions of societal importance.
分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 工程与技术科学其他学科 提交时间： 2023-01-03 合作期刊: 《2022年第三届艺术设计、传播与工程科学研讨会》
摘要： Through new media technology and new digital media communication channels, explore the local festival cultural experience and inheritance strategies in Guilin. By researching the current situation of protection of folk culture and the characteristics of new media forms, this paper analyses the relationship between the new media era and the digitization of folk culture, and elaborates in detail the specific methods of the diversified dissemination forms used in the dissemination of Guilin festival culture in the new media era. The innovative application of new media technology can help us inherit the traditional culture of Guilin folk festivals. In-depth study of cultural exchange mode, from the aspects of public cultural services, characteristic cultural development, and so on, to enhance the soft strength and attraction of Guilin local culture.
分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 生物医学工程学 提交时间： 2022-04-17
摘要： Thin-film semiconductor devices as switching elements are perfect fit for electrodes-array based digital microfluidics. With support of large-area electronics technology, high-resolution digital droplets (diameter around 100 m) contains single cell can be generated by pre-programmable addressing signals. Single-cell generation and manipulation is a foundation of single-cell research, which demands ease of operation, multifunctional and accurate tools. Herein, we report an active-matrix digital microfluidic platform for single-cell generation and manipulation enabled by large-area electronics technology. The active device contains 26,368 electrodes that can be independently addressed to perform parallel and simultaneous droplets and even single cells manipulation. An on-chip generated single droplet volume limit of 500 pL has been reported, proving the continuous and stable movement of the droplet containing cells for over 1 hour. Furthermore, the success rate of single droplet formation can be higher than 98% and able to generate around 10 single cells within 10 seconds. A pristine single cell generation rate of 29% is achieved without any further sorting process
点击量
待评议
点击量
下载量
评论
通过
