分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2025-03-26
Fang, Mr. Ni
Wang, Prof. Dong
Zhou, Mr. Zhuo
chen, Mr. Ran
Zhou, Mr. Shiqiang
Wang, Dr. Hui
Dong, Mr. Chunlai
Zhang, Dr. Fan
摘要： With the widespread application of pixel detectors in particle physics, imaging technologies, and other high-precision fields, improving time resolution and signal processing speed has become a critical challenge. Traditional readout schemes face a trade-off between precision and processing efficiency, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. This study presents a novel readout scheme for pixel detectors, aimed at enhancing time resolution and response speed to meet the demands of particle information reconstruction and real-time data analysis. The scheme uses controllable delay chains to facilitate multi-directional signal propagation, enabling precise particle localization based on differences in transmission paths, which in turn enhances the readout system’s time resolution. Each pixel circuit integrates a low-noise charge-sensitive amplifier, a comparator, and a controllable delay unit, which together enable precise signal processing. Based on the TSMC 180 nm process, two transmission configurations are proposed: a four-directional delay chain configuration (ASIC-I) and a two-directional delay chain configuration (ASIC-II). These configurations address different signal propagation needs, further improving time resolution. Experimental results show that the ASIC-I chip, with a 3 x 3 pixel array, achieves a single-pixel delay precision of 108.5 ps, a delay range of 4.55 ns to 31.10 ns (7 levels), and a time resolution of 160 ps. Stability tests under varying PVT (process, voltage, and temperature) conditions confirm the design's robustness, with a temperature coefficient ranging from 7 ps/°C to 44 ps/°C. These results validate the robustness and reliability of the proposed scheme for practical applications.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2023-10-07
摘要： In the RD for upgrading the KL0and detector (KLM) in Belle II experiment using scintillator and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), we design a compact preamplifier with high#2;speed and low-noise. The preamplifier has a good gain stability, a baseline noise level of 0.3 mV, a good time resolution that can achieve < 20 ps, and can be applied comprehensively to SiPMs. To reduce the pile-up in using a large size SiPM or an array of SiPMs, which is due to the large capacitance and high dark count rate, we adopt pole#2;zero-cancellation which reduce both the rise time and the fall time of a SiPM signal. The combinations of the preamplifier and several kinds of SiPMs show time resolutions better than 50 ps for most of the cases; when the number of detected photons is larger than 60, a time resolution of about 25 ps can be achieved
分类： 核科学技术 >> 核科学与技术 提交时间： 2025-02-14
Yue-Zhao Zhang
Peng Ma
Zhuang-Yu Lin
Zhen-Fei Tan
Xing-Chi Han
Chen Liu
Shuo Wang
Da-Peng Sun
Zhi-Quan Li
En-Hong Wang
Shou-Yu Wang
摘要： Charge sensitive amplifiers for fast timing in delay-line readout of parallel plate avalanche counter (PPAC) array are designed. In total, 32 channels are realized on a single printed circuit board with operational amplifiers and other discrete components. Each channel is composed of an integrator, a pole-zero cancelation net, and a linear amplification stage, which can be accommodated to either positive or negative input signals. The design procedure is described in detail. The amplifier performance is calibrated with a signal generator. The gain approximately reaches #6;3 mV/fC with an RMS noise level of around 6 mV. In the application to a prototype PPAC, the amplifiers exhibit good practicality and stability.
分类： 电子与通信技术 >> 电子技术 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 物理学相关工程与技术 分类： 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 仪器仪表技术 提交时间： 2023-05-01
摘要： In this work, a design of large-bandwidth high-gain low-noise transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is proposed. The simulations show that the proposed TIA has the bandwidth higher than 200 kHz, two orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional commercial TIAs for STM. At low frequencies, the noises of the proposed TIA are almost the same as the conventional commercial ones with the same transimpedance gain. At high frequencies, its calculated input equivalent noise voltage power spectral density (PSD) is 40 (nV)2/Hz and its input equivalent noise current PSD is 3.2 (fA)2/Hz at 10 kHz. The corresponding values are 23 (nV)2/Hz and 88 (fA)2/Hz at 100 kHz. The STM with the proposed TIA can meet the needs of fast high-quality STM imaging measurements and fast high-energy-resolution scanning tunneling spectra measurements for the low-conducting materials, such as complex organic systems and wide bandgap semiconductors.
分类： 电子与通信技术 >> 电子技术 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 仪器仪表技术 分类： 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 分类： 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间： 2024-05-06
摘要： In this work, we design and fabricate the transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) following the design mentioned in Ref. cite{Liang2024}. In the TIA, the preamplifier (Pre-Amp) is made of a junction field effect transistor (JFET) that can work at 77 K. The post-amplifier is made of an operational amplifier (OPA). Cascade Pre-Amp and Post-Amp to form the inverting-amplifier (Inv-Amp). The gain-bandwidth product of Inv-Amp with the gain about 50,000 is higher than 10 GHz. With a 1.13 Gohm feedback network, the gain of TIA is 1.13 Gohm and its bandwidth is about 97 kHz. The equivalent input noise voltage power spectral density of TIA is not more than 9 (nV)2/Hz at 10 kHz and 4 (nV)2/Hz at 50kHz, and its equivalent input noise current power spectral density is about 26 (fA)2/Hz at 10 kHz and 240(fA)2/Hz at 50 kHz. The measured transport performances and noise performances of TIA are consistent with the simulations and calculations, verifying the feasibility for the design of low-noise large-bandwidth TIA proposed in Ref. 1 . And, TIA with various performances that meet various needs can be designed according to the design methods in Ref. 1,2 . With the same gain, the bandwidth of the TIA in this work is much larger than the present TIA and its noises are much lower than those of present ones. The TIA in this work is perfect for the cryogenic STM working at 77 K (i.e. liquid nitrogen temperature).
分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 物理学相关工程与技术 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 仪器仪表技术 分类： 电子与通信技术 >> 电子技术 分类： 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 提交时间： 2024-05-06
摘要： 本文提出了一种用于低温扫描隧道显微镜(CryoSTM)的跨阻放大器(TIA)设计方案。在CryoSTM中带有尖端样品成分的TIA称为CryoSTM-TIA。该CryoSTM-TIA的跨阻增益在1Gohm，而其带宽大于300kHz。所提出的CryoSTM-TIA的独特特点是其前置放大器由单个低温高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)制成，因此在100kHz时仪器等效输入噪声电流功率谱密度低于4(fA)2/Hz。此外，应用“偏置冷却法”可用于原位控制HEMT掺杂区冻结DX-中心的密度，改变其结构以降低器件噪声。利用该仪器，可以进行高能量分辨率的快速扫描隧道光谱测量。并且，它能够测量各种量子系统在原子尺度上的扫描隧道散粒噪声谱(STSNS)，即使散粒噪声非常低。它为通过测量STSNS来研究新的量子态提供了一个强大的工具，例如检测拓扑量子系统中马约拉纳束缚态的存在。
分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 物理学相关工程与技术 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 仪器仪表技术 分类： 电子与通信技术 >> 电子技术 分类： 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 提交时间： 2022-12-29
摘要： 提出了一种用于低温扫描隧道显微镜(CryoSTM)的低噪声高增益大带宽跨阻放大器(TIA)。在CryoSTM中与尖端样品组件连接的TIA称为CryoSTM-TIA。CryoSTM-TIA的跨阻增益为10Gohm，带宽超过100kHz，在100kHz时等效输入噪声电流功率谱密度小于4(fA)2/Hz。CryoSTM-TIA的低固有噪声是由于其特殊的设计: (1)其前置放大器(Pre-Amp)由低噪声低温高电子迁移率晶体管制成; (2)前置放大器采用卡片式配置，避免米勒效应，降低输入电容CA; (3)将前置放大器输入端连接到尖端的电缆的电容，即CI最小化; (4)热噪声源，如反馈电阻，放置在低温区。由于在反馈回路中应用了频率补偿，减小了CA，减小了CI，实现了高增益和大带宽。该仪器可用于低电导率材料扫描隧道光谱的快速高能量分辨率测量，特别是用于测量其扫描隧道发射噪声谱。
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