Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Paphiopedilum of Orchidaceae is a “flagship” group in biodiversity conservation, with high research value and ornamental value, and it grows in special environment. In order to understand the resource status and conservation effect of Paphiopedilum in Guizhou Province, this study conducted a special investigation of wild Paphiopedilum, and the resource status, distribution pattern, threatened factors and local protection of them were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 103 distribution sites of 8 species of Paphiopedilum were found in this special survey, distributed in 27 Counties, with the southern and southwestern regions as the main distribution areas. Their habitats are complex and diverse, and the natural distribution are uneven; (2) Their distribution areas are sorted from the largest to the smallest as P. micranthum > P. barbigerum > P. malipoense > P. bellatulum > P. hirsutissimum > P. dianthum > P. emersonii > P. concolor, the order of resource richness from high to low is P. micranthum > P. barbigerum > P. hirsutissimum > P. bellatulum > P. malipoense > P. emersonii > P. dianthum > P. concolor; (3) The plants of this genus suffer from complex disturbance factors and serious threats, among which overexploitation, drought, habitat degradation and fragmentation are the main reasons for its endangered status; (4) Two species of the genus “effective protection (EP)”, one species of “well protection (WP)”, two species of “general protection (GP)”, three species of “less protection (LP)”, two species of “unknown protection status (UPS)” because no target species were found. The species conservation rate was 100%, but the conservation rate of distribution sites was 29.13%. There were significant differences in population conservation rates among different species. It is suggested that relevant departments should enhance the protection intensity of Paphiopedilum plants in Guizhou, and further optimize the protection mode and scope, so as to ensure the sustainable survival and development of these rare and endangered plant resources.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-10-22 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The taxonomy of Paphiopedilum Pfitz. has been disputed and needed more data for clarification. Floral morphology and anther development in P. purpuratum were observed using microscope and paraffin section to provide a better understanding of the systematics of Paphiopedilum, as well as those of Cypripedioideae. The results were as follows: (1) It was supported that P. purpuratum should be placed in Paph. subgenus Paphiopedilum Sect. Barbata by some floral features, including a single flower, sepal white with veins, petal spotted with blackish-maroon, pouch of a lip auriculate on both sides, and a staminode lunate. (2) At the early stage, anther primordium developed into a pair of laterally juxtaposed thecae. An incomplete sterile septa was differentiated in the center of each theca, giving rise to two arc-shaped microsporangia. When anther split, the sterile septum was discomposed and degenerated resulting in a mass of sticky pollens from two pollen sacs were fused into a unit. (3) The developed anther wall consisted of an epidermis, an endothecium, a middle layer, and a tapetum, conforming to the monocotyledonous type. Both tapetum and inner tapetum cells contained 2 nuclei. (4) Microspore mother cells underwent a simultaneous cytokinesis resulting in microspore tetrads with varied arrangements of tetrahedral, isobilateral, and decussate types. (5) Microspores produced 2-celled pollens via mitosis, which could be retained in pollen tetrads or released as monad. Based on the data available, some key features were selected for taxonomy and conservation biology of Paphiopedilum in Cypripedioideae, including the differentiation of sterile septum, the monocotyledonous type of anther wall, the binucleated tapetum, simultaneous cytokinsis, the sticky pollens and so on in Orchidaceae.
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