分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2024-03-19
摘要: The exploration of exotic shapes and properties of atomic nuclei, e.g., α cluster and toroidal shape, is afascinating field in nuclear physics. To study the decay of these nuclei, a novel detector aimed at detectingmultiple alpha-particle events was designed and constructed. The detector comprises two layers of double-sidedsilicon strip detectors (DSSD) and a cesium iodide scintillator array coupled with silicon photomultipliers arrayas light sensors, which has the advantages of their small size, fast response, and large dynamic range. DSSDscouple with cesium iodide crystal arrays are used to distinguish multiple alpha hits. The detector array has acompact and integrated design that can be adapted to different experimental conditions. The detector array wassimulated using Geant4, and the excitation energy spectra of some alpha-clustering nuclei were reconstructedto demonstrate the performance. The simulation results show that the detector array has excellent angularand energy resolutions, enabling effective reconstruction of the nuclear excited state by multiple alpha particleevents. This detector offers a new and powerful tool for nuclear physics experiments and has the potential todiscover interesting physical phenomena related to exotic nuclear structures and their decay mechanisms
分类: 核科学技术 >> 裂变堆工程技术 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: Neutron-TPC (nTPC) is a fast neutron spectrometer based on GEM-TPC (Gas Electron Multiplier-Time Projection Chamber) and expected to be used in nuclear physics, nuclear reactor operation monitoring, and thermo-nuclear fusion plasma diagnostics. By measuring the recoiled proton energy and slopes of the proton tracks, the incident neutron energy can be deduced. It has higher n/ separation ability and higher detection efficiency than conventional neutron spectrometers. In this paper, neutron energy resolution of nTPC is studied using the analytical method. It is found that the neutron energy resolution is determined by 1) the proton energy resolution (Ep/Ep), and 2) standard deviation of slopes of the proton tracks caused by multiple Coulomb scattering (k(scattering)) and by the track fitting accuracy (k(fit)). Suggestions are made for optimizing energy resolution of nTPC. Proper choices of the cut parameters of reconstructed proton scattering angles (cut), the number of fitting track points (N), and the working gas help to improve the neutron energy resolution.
分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2023-12-29
摘要: The energetic bremsstrahlung photons up to 100 MeV produced in heavy ion collisions can be used as asensitive probe to the short range correlation in atomic nuclei. The energy of the -rays can be measuredby collecting theˇCerenkov light in medium induced by the fast electrons generated in Compton scattering orelectromagnetic shower of the incident ray. Two types of detectors, based on pure water and lead glass asthe sensitive material respectively, are designed for the above purpose. The response and optical photonpropagation in detectors have been simulated based on the electromagnetic and optical processes in Geant4.The inherent energy resolution of 0.022(4) + 0.51(2)/E 1/2 for water and 0.0026(3) + 0.446(3)/E 1/2 forlead glass are obtained. The geometry size of lead glass and water are optimized at 30 30 30 cm3 and60 60 120 cm3 , respectively, for detecting high energy -rays at 160 MeV. Hough transform method hasbeen applied to reconstruct the direction of the incident -rays, giving the ability to distinguish experimentallythe high-energy rays produced in the reactions on the target from the random background cosmic ray muons.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: A new electrode structure CdZnTe (Cadmium Zinc Telluride) detector named Binode CdZnTe has been proposed in this paper. Together with the softwares of MAXWELL, GEANT4, and ROOT, the charge collection process and its gamma spectrum of the detector have been simulated and the detector structure has been optimized. In order to improve its performance further, Compton scattering effect correction has been used. The simulation results demonstrate that with refined design and Compton scattering effect correction, Binode CdZnTe detectors is capable of achieving 3.92% FWHM at 122 keV, and 1.27% FWHM at 662 keV. Compared with other single-polarity (electron-only) detector configurations, Binode CdZnTe detector offers a cost effective and simple structure alternative with comparable energy resolution.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: Trapezoidal shaping method is widely applied to pulse amplitude extraction in digital nuclear spectrometer system, the optimal selection of the shaping parameters can improve the energy resolution and pulse counting rate. From the view of noise characteristics, ballistic deficit compensation characteristics and pulse pile-up characteristics, in this paper the optimal selection of the trapezoidal shaping parameters is studied on. According to the theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the optimal choice of trapezoidal shaping parameters is similar to the triangle, the rise time is longer and the flat-top width is shorter.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 粒子加速器 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: The properties of a Lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) detector and its response functions were investigated via experiments and simulations in this paper. The LaBr3 detector had good relative energy resolution and higher efficiency than a high-purity germanium detector. Monte Carlo and other numerical methods were used to calculate the efficiencies of a LaBr3 detector with a square collimation window. A model of the numerical method was established based on a pure geometric model that was consistent with the experimental situation. The results showed that the detector response functions calculated by these methods were in great agreement with experimental results.