分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have measured multiplicity distributions in p+p and p+Pb collisions at a new domain of collision energy. Based on considering an energy-dependent broadening of the nucleons density distribution, charged hadron multiplicities are studied with the phenomenological saturation model and the evolution equation dependent saturation model. By assuming the saturation scale has a small dependence on the 3-dimensional root mean square (rms) radius at different energy, the theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data from CMS and ALICE collaboration. The predictive results in p+p collisions at s=14TeV of the LHC are also given.
分类: 地球科学 >> 空间物理学 提交时间: 2017-03-10
摘要: A novel single-layer microstrip reflectarray element with fractal structure is proposed. Ansoft HFSS is used to analyze the reflect phase for the fractal element in honeycomb lattice. A 469-element prime focus microstrip reflectarray antenna composed of the proposed fractal elements is designed, manufactured, and measured. The measured gain level of 29.8 dB is obtained at the center frequency of 13.58 GHz with 1-dB gain bandwidth of 15.3%.
分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2016-09-13
摘要: In the Color Glass Condensate formalism, charged hadron p_{T} distributions in p+p collisions are studied by considering an energy-dependent broadening of nucleon's density distribution. Then, in the Glasma flux tube picture, the n-particle multiplicity distributions at different pseudo-rapidity ranges are investigated. Both of the theoretical results show good agreement with the recent experimental data from ALICE and CMS at \sqrt{s}=0.9, 2.36, 7 TeV. The predictive results for p_{T} and multiplicity distributions in p+p and p+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider are also given in this paper.
分类: 地球科学 >> 空间物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-13
摘要: We investigate equilibrium height of a flux rope, and its internal equilibrium in a realistic plasma environment by carrying out numerical simulations of the evolution of systems including a current-carrying flux rope. We find that the equilibrium height of a flux rope is approximately described by a power-law function of the relative strength of the background field. Our simulations indicate that the flux rope can escape more easily from a weaker background field. This further confirms that a catastrophe in the magnetic configuration of interest can be triggered by a decrease in strength of the background field. Our results show that it takes some time to reach internal equilibrium depending on the initial state of the flux rope. The plasma flow inside the flux rope due to the adjustment for the internal equilibrium of the flux rope remains small and does not last very long when the initial state of the flux rope commences from the stable branch of the theoretical equilibrium curve. This work also confirms the influence of the initial radius of the flux rope in its evolution;the results indicate that a flux rope with a larger initial radius erupts more easily. In addition, by using a realistic plasma environment and a much higher resolution in our simulations, we notice some different characteristics compared to previous studies in Forbes.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 核探测技术与核电子学 提交时间: 2023-06-18 合作期刊: 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》
摘要: This paper tries to address the problem of binary CT image reconstruction in non-destructive detection with an algorithm based on compressed sensing (CS) and Otsus method, which could reconstruct binary CT image of test object from incomplete detection data. According to binary CT image characteristics, we employ Split-bregman method based on L1/2 regularization to solve piecewise constant region reconstruction. To improve the reconstructed image quality from incomplete detection data, we utilize a priori knowledge and Otsus method as the optimization constraint. In our study, we make numerical simulation to investigate our proposed method, and compare reconstructed results from different reconstruction methods. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method could effectively reduce noise and suppress artifacts, and reconstruct high-quality binary image from incomplete detection data.
分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2023-06-20
摘要: Bimetallic catalysts typically exploitunique synergetic effects betweentwo metal species to achieve theircatalytic . Understanding the mechanism of CO oxidation using hybrid heterogeneous catalysts is important for effective catalyst design and environmental protection. Herein, we report a Bi-Au/SiO2tandem bimetallic catalyst forCO oxidation reactionoverthe Au/SiO2surface, which was monitoredusingnear-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Au-decorated SiO2catalyst exhibited scarce activity in the CO oxidation reaction; However, the introduction of Bi to the Au/SiO2system promoted the catalytic activity. The mechanism is thought to involve the dissociationO2molecules in the presence of Bi, which results inspilloverofthe O species to adjacent Au atoms, thereby formingAu+. Further CO adsorption, followed by thermal treatment, facilitated theoxidation ofCO at the Au-Bi interface, resulting in a reversible reversion to the neutral Au valence state. Our work provides insightinto the mechanism of CO oxidation on tandem surfaces and will facilitatethe rational design of other Au-based catalysts
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2023-03-14 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: The zygodont proboscideans from the Miocene strata of China are widely distributed. However, the materials are scarce, and their classification has experienced a longtime controversy, from the chaotic state of multiple Zygolophodon species to the only one species, Zygolophodon gobiensis. The combined species Z. gobiensis comprises both the gracile type with a high degree of zygodonty and the robust type that is between the typical bunodont and zygodont morphology. Recently, as the robust type has been re-allocated to another genus Miomastodon and new fossil remains were discovered, it is necessary to further evaluate and classify the zygodont proboscideans from the Miocene of China. In the present paper, we restudied the previously published zygodont specimens of the gracile type, as well as several unpublished Mammutidae specimens. The former including Z. nemonguensis, Z. gromovae, Z. jiningensis, Z. chinjiensis and two specimens of Gomphotherium xiaolongtanensis, represents Zygolophodon in the original sense in China. In these specimens, the tip of the loph(ids) are sharp. The anterior and posterior pretrite central conules are absent or very weak, and the anterior and posterior crescentoids are sharp and slender. The posttrite mesoconelets are well subdivided and the zygodont crests are developed. In buccal view, the loph(id)s are Ʌ-shaped and the interloph(id) s are V-shaped. Their molar morphology resembles that of Z. turicensis, and hereby, they were identified as Zygolophodon cf. Z. turicensis. Several unpublished specimens from Hezheng, Gansu, Tunggur, Nei Mongol, Tongxin, Ningxia and Junggar, Xinjiang exhibit a lower degree of zygodonty, corresponding to the robust type of Zygolophodon in which the molar morphology is between the typical bunodonts and zygodonts. The pretrite crescentoids are thicker than Zygolophodon cf. Z. turicensis, and the pretrite central conules usually present on the first and second interloph(id)s. According to the stratigraphic age and characteristics, two species, Miomastodon gobiensis and Mio. tongxinensis were identified. The anterior and posterior pretrite crescentoids of Mio. tongxinensis are weaker and the pretrite central conules are larger than Mio.gobiensis. Geographical distribution indicates that Miomastodon is the predominant member of zygolophodonts in the Early and Middle Miocene in northern China. The discovery of new materials and the reclassification of zygolophodonts provide further evidence for dispersal of Mammutidae from Eurasia to North America and the evolutionary relationships among the species of the family Mammutidae in China.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-05
摘要: Epigenetic regulatory complexes play key roles in the modulation of transcriptional regulation underlying neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and progeny specification. How specific cofactors guide histone demethylase LSD1/KDM1A complex to regulate distinct NSC-related gene activation and repression in cortical neurogenesis remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that Rcor2, a co-repressor of LSD1, is mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and plays a key role in epigenetic regulation of cortical development. Depletion of Rcor2 results in reduced NPC proliferation, neuron population, neocortex thickness and brain size. We find that Rcor2 directly targets Dlx2 and Shh, and represses their expressions in developing neocortex. In addition, inhibition of Shh signals rescues the neurogenesis defects caused by Rcor2 depletion both in vivo and in vitro. Hence, our findings suggest that co-repressor Rcor2 is critical for cortical development by repressing Shh signalling pathway in dorsal telencephalon.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 >> 生物物理、生物化学与分子生物学 提交时间: 2016-05-12
摘要: Replication and transcription of influenza virus genome mainly depend on its RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), composed of the PA, PB1, and PB2 subunits. Although extensively studied, the underlying mechanism of the RdRP complex is still unclear. Here we report the biochemical characterization of influenza RdRP subcomplex comprising PA, PB1, and N terminus of PB2, which exist as dimer in solution and can assemble into a tetramer state, regulated by vRNA promoter. Using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, we have reconstructed the RdRP tetramer complex at 4.3 angstrom, highlighting the assembly and interfaces between monomers within the tetrameric structure. The individual RdRP subcomplex contains all the characterized motifs and appears as a cage-like structure. High-throughput mutagenesis profiling revealed that residues involved in the oligomer state formation are critical for viral life cycle. Our results lay a solid base for understanding the mechanism of replication of influenza and other negative-stranded RNA viruses.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-12
摘要: Specific arrestin conformations are coupled to distinct downstream effectors, which underlie the functions of many G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, using unnatural amino acid incorporation and fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (F-19-NMR) spectroscopy, we demonstrate that distinct receptor phospho-barcodes are translated to specific beta-arrestin-1 conformations and direct selective signalling. With its phosphate-binding concave surface, b-arrestin-1 'reads' the message in the receptor phospho-C-tails and distinct phospho-interaction patterns are revealed by F-19-NMR. Whereas all functional phosphopeptides interact with a common phosphate binding site and induce the movements of finger and middle loops, different phospho-interaction patterns induce distinct structural states of b-arrestin-1 that are coupled to distinct arrestin functions. Only clathrin recognizes and stabilizes GRK2-specific b-arrestin-1 conformations. The identified receptor-phosphoselective mechanism for arrestin conformation and the spacing of the multiple phosphatebinding sites in the arrestin enable arrestin to recognize plethora phosphorylation states of numerous GPCRs, contributing to the functional diversity of receptors.