分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Tianqing Zhang
Xiangchong Li
Roohi Dalal
Rachel Mandelbaum
Michael A. Strauss
Arun Kannawadi
Hironao Miyatake
Andrina Nicola
Andrés A. Plazas Malagón
Masato Shirasaki
Sunao Sugiyama
Masahiro Takada
摘要： Cosmological weak lensing measurements rely on a precise measurement of the shear two-point correlation function (2PCF) along with a deep understanding of systematics that affect it. In this work, we demonstrate a general framework for describing the impact of PSF systematics on the cosmic shear 2PCF, and mitigating its impact on cosmological analysis. Our framework can describe leakage and modeling error from all spin-2 quantities contributed by the PSF second and higher moments, rather than just the second moments. We interpret null tests using the HSC Year 3 (Y3) catalogs with this formalism, and find that leakage from the spin-2 combination of PSF fourth moments is the leading contributor to additive shear systematics, with total contamination that is an order of magnitude higher than that contributed by PSF second moments alone. We conducted a mock cosmic shear analysis for HSC Y3, and find that, if uncorrected, PSF systematics can bias the cosmological parameters $\Omega_m$ and $S_8$ by $\sim$0.3$\sigma$. The traditional second moment-based model can only correct for a 0.1$\sigma$ bias, leaving the contamination largely uncorrected. We conclude it is necessary to model both PSF second and fourth moment contamination for HSC Y3 cosmic shear analysis. We also reanalyze the HSC Y1 cosmic shear analysis with our updated systematics model, and identify a 0.07$\sigma$ bias on $\Omega_m$ when using the more restricted second moment model from the original analysis. We demonstrate how to self-consistently use the method in both real space and Fourier space, assess shear systematics in tomographic bins, and test for PSF model overfitting.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-21
Yali Shao
Ran Wang
Axel Weiss
Jeff Wagg
Chris L. Carilli
Michael A. Strauss
Fabian Walter
Pierre Cox
Xiaohui Fan
Karl M. Menten
Desika Narayanan
Dominik Riechers
Frank Bertoldi
Alain Omont
Linhua Jiang
摘要： We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) sub-kiloparsec- to kiloparsec-scale resolution observations of the [C ii], CO (98), and OH+ (1101) lines along with their dust continuum emission toward the far-infrared (FIR) luminous quasar SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 at z = 6.0031, to study the interstellar medium distribution, the gas kinematics, and the quasar-host system dynamics. We decompose the intensity maps of the [C ii] and CO (98) lines and the dust continuum with two-dimensional elliptical Srsic models. The [C ii] brightness follows a flat distribution with a Srsic index of 0.59. The CO (98) line and the dust continuum can be fit with an unresolved nuclear component and an extended Srsic component with a Srsic index of 1, which may correspond to the emission from an active galactic nucleus dusty molecular torus and a quasar host galaxy, respectively. The different [C ii] spatial distribution may be due to the effect of the high dust opacity, which increases the FIR background radiation on the [C ii] line, especially in the galaxy center, significantly suppressing the [C ii] emission profile. The dust temperature drops with distance from the center. The effective radius of the dust continuum is smaller than that of the line emission and the dust mass surface density, but is consistent with that of the star formation rate surface density. This may indicate that the dust emission is a less robust tracer of the dust and gas distribution but is a decent tracer of the obscured star formation activity. The OH+ (1101) line shows a P-Cygni profile with an absorption at 400 km/s, which may indicate an outflow with a neutral gas mass of (6.2 1.2) 108 M along the line of sight. We employed a three-dimensional tilted ring model to fit the [C ii] and CO (98) data cubes. The two lines are both rotation dominated and trace identical disk geometries and gas motions. This suggest that the [C ii] and CO (98) gas are coplanar and corotating in this quasar host galaxy. The consistent circular velocities measured with [C ii] and CO (98) lines indicate that these two lines trace a similar gravitational potential. We decompose the circular rotation curve measured from the kinematic model fit to the [C ii] line into four matter components (black hole, stars, gas, and dark matter). The quasar-starburst system is dominated by baryonic matter inside the central few kiloparsecs. We constrain the black hole mass to be 2.97+0.51 0.77 109 M ; this is the first time that the dynamical mass of a black hole has been measured at z 6. This mass is consistent with that determined using the scaling relations from quasar emission lines. A massive stellar component (on the order of 109 M ) may have already existed when the Universe was only 0.93 Gyr old. The relations between the black hole mass and the baryonic mass of this quasar indicate that the central supermassive black hole may have formed before its host galaxy.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Yali Shao
Ran Wang
Axel Weiss
Jeff Wagg
Chris L. Carilli
Michael A. Strauss
Fabian Walter
Pierre Cox
Xiaohui Fan
Karl M. Menten
Desika Narayanan
Dominik Riechers
Frank Bertoldi
Alain Omont
Linhua Jiang
摘要： We present ALMA sub-kpc- to kpc-scale resolution observations of the [CII], CO(9-8), and OH$^{+}$\,($1_{1}$--$0_{1}$) lines along with their dust continuum emission toward the FIR luminous quasar SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 at $z = 6.0031$. The [CII] brightness follows a flat distribution with a Sersic index of 0.59. The CO(9-8) line and the dust continuum can be fit with an unresolved nuclear component and an extended Sersic component with a Sersic index of ~1. The dust temperature drops with distance from the center. The effective radius of the dust continuum is smaller than that of the line emission and the dust mass surface density, but is consistent with that of the star formation rate surface density. The OH$^{+}$\,($1_{1}$--$0_{1}$) line shows a P-Cygni profile with an absorption, which may indicate an outflow with a neutral gas mass of $(6.2\pm1.2)\times10^{8} M_{\odot}$ along the line of sight. We employed a 3D tilted ring model to fit the [CII] and CO(9-8) data cubes. The two lines are both rotation dominated and trace identical disk geometries and gas motions. We decompose the circular rotation curve measured from the kinematic model fit to the [CII] line into four matter components (black hole, stars, gas, and dark matter). The quasar-starburst system is dominated by baryonic matter inside the central few kiloparsecs. We constrain the black hole mass to be $2.97^{+0.51}_{-0.77}\times 10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$; this is the first time that the dynamical mass of a black hole has been measured at $z\sim6$. A massive stellar component (on the order of $10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$) may have already existed when the Universe was only ~0.93 Gyr old. The relations between the black hole mass and the baryonic mass of this quasar indicate that the central supermassive black hole may have formed before its host galaxy. [Abridged version. Please see the full abstract in the manuscript.]
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Roberto Decarli
Antonio Pensabene
Tanio Diaz-Santos
Carl Ferkinhoff
Michael A. Strauss
Bram P. Venemans
Fabian Walter
Eduardo Banados
Frank Bertoldi
Xiaohui Fan
Emanuele Paolo Farina
Dominik A. Riechers
Hans-Walter Rix
Ran Wang
摘要： Characterizing the physical conditions (density, temperature, ionization state, metallicity, etc) of the interstellar medium is critical to our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies. Here we present a multi-line study of the interstellar medium in the host galaxy of a quasar at z~6.4, i.e., when the universe was 840 Myr old. This galaxy is one of the most active and massive objects emerging from the dark ages, and therefore represents a benchmark for models of the early formation of massive galaxies. We used the Atacama Large Millimeter Array to target an ensemble of tracers of ionized, neutral, and molecular gas, namely the fine-structure lines: [OIII] 88$\mu$m, [NII] 122$\mu$m, [CII] 158$\mu$m, and [CI] 370$\mu$m and the rotational transitions of CO(7-6), CO(15-14), CO(16-15), and CO(19-18); OH 163.1$\mu$m and 163.4$\mu$m; and H$_2$O 3(0,3)-2(1,2), 3(3,1)-4(0,4), 3(3,1)-3(2,2), 4(0,4)-3(1,3), 4(3,2)-4(2,3). All the targeted fine-structure lines are detected, as are half of the targeted molecular transitions. By combining the associated line luminosities, the constraints on the dust temperature from the underlying continuum emission, and predictions from photoionization models of the interstellar medium, we find that the ionized phase accounts for about one third of the total gaseous mass budget, and is responsible for half of the total [CII] emission. It is characterized by high density (n~180 cm$^{-3}$), typical of HII regions. The spectral energy distribution of the photoionizing radiation is comparable to that emitted by B-type stars. Star formation also appears to drive the excitation of the molecular medium. We find marginal evidence for outflow-related shocks in the dense molecular phase, but not in other gas phases. This study showcases the power of multi-line investigations in unveiling the properties of the star-forming medium in galaxies at cosmic dawn.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Xiangchong Li
Hironao Miyatake
Wentao Luo
Surhud More
Masamune Oguri
Takashi Hamana
Rachel Mandelbaum
Masato Shirasaki
Masahiro Takada
Robert Armstrong
Arun Kannawadi
Satoshi Takita
Satoshi Miyazaki
Atsushi J. Nishizawa
Andrés A. Plazas Malagón
Michael A. Strauss
Masayuki Tanaka
Naoki Yoshida
摘要： We present the galaxy shear catalog that will be used for the three-year cosmological weak gravitational lensing analyses using data from the Wide layer of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program (SSP) Survey. The galaxy shapes are measured from the $i$-band imaging data acquired from 2014 to 2019 and calibrated with image simulations that resemble the observing conditions of the survey based on training galaxy images from the Hubble Space Telescope in the COSMOS region. The catalog covers an area of 433.48 deg$^2$ of the northern sky, split into six fields. The mean $i$-band seeing is 0.59 arcsec. With conservative galaxy selection criteria (e.g., $i$-band magnitude brighter than 24.5), the observed raw galaxy number density is 22.9 arcmin$^{-2}$, and the effective galaxy number density is 19.9 arcmin$^{-2}$. The calibration removes the galaxy property-dependent shear estimation bias to a level: $|\delta m|1$ degree scales and will require mitigation during the inference of cosmological parameters using cosmic shear measurements.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
Shenli Tang
John D. Silverman
Xuheng Ding
Junyao Li
Khee-Gan Lee
Michael A. Strauss
Andy Goulding
Malte Schramm
Lalitwadee Kawinwanichakij
J. Xavier Prochaska
Joseph F. Hennawi
Masatoshi Imanishi
Kazushi Iwasawa
Yoshiki Toba
Issha Kayo
Masamune Oguri
Yoshiki Matsuoka
Kohei Ichikawa
Tilman Hartwig
Nobunari Kashikawa
摘要： We report on a spectroscopic program to search for dual quasars using Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) images of SDSS quasars which represent an important stage during galaxy mergers. Using Subaru/FOCAS and Gemini-N/GMOS, we identify three new physically associated quasar pairs having projected separations less than 20 kpc, out of 26 observed candidates. These include the discovery of the highest redshift ($z=3.1$) quasar pair with a separation $<$ 10 kpc. Based on the sample acquired to date, the success rate of identifying physically associated dual quasars is $19\%$ when excluding stars based on their HSC colors. Using the full sample of six spectroscopically confirmed dual quasars, we find that the black holes in these systems have black hole masses ($M_{BH} \sim 10^{8-9}M_{\odot}$) similar to single SDSS quasars as well as their bolometric luminosities and Eddington ratios. We measure the stellar mass of their host galaxies based on 2D image decomposition of the five-band ($grizy$) optical emission and assess the mass relation between supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their hosts. Dual SMBHs appear to have elevated masses relative to their host galaxies. Thus mergers may not necessarily align such systems onto the local mass relation, as suggested by the Horizon-AGN simulation. This study suggests that dual luminous quasars are triggered prior to the final coalescence of the two SMBHs, resulting in early mass growth of the black holes relative to their host galaxies.
点击量
待评议
点击量
下载量
评论
