Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Studying the influencing factors of university readers' reading willingness, and carrying out reading promotion activities in a targeted manner have a positive effect on improving the reading promotion activities of university libraries. [Method/process] The article introduces the self-determination theory into the study of reading motivation, constructs the theoretical model of influencing factors of university readers' reading willingness based on the reading motivation, and finally conducts the empirical research with the questionnaire and structural equation model to verify the validity of the model. [Result/conclusion] The results of data analysis show that readers' autonomous motivation and satisfaction of basic psychological needs have a positive effect on extracurricular reading willingness while controlled motivation has no effect on extracurricular reading willingness. The results of the analysis will help the university library to understand the influencing factors of readers' willingness to read and play a guiding role in carrying out the reading promotion.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2017-11-05 Cooperative journals: 《智库理论与实践》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper introduces the symbol of European think tanks--Chatham House, the Royal Institute of International Affairs. It analyzes the management mechanism, the mode of personnel training and the future development to provide a meaningful reference for Chinese think tanks. [Method/process] By using the literature review and the case study method, this paper analyzed the development process, the management mechanism, and the personnel training of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. Based on 2015 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report, the Royal Institute of International Affairs was analyzed in terms of achievements, the entire management mechanism, the unique personnel training and so on. [Result/conclusion] After nearly one century’s development, the Royal Institute of International Affairs highlights its role as an independent, impartial and universal think tank, and is characterized by its broad global perspective and personnel training.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] In the rapidly changing information technology and education environment, it has been a challenge and also an opportunity for university library to provide information literacy education to meet the need of university development. A comprehensive case study of a specific library is beneficial to other libraries for reference or reflection.[Method/process] It systematically analyzes the innovative activities and strategies of information literacy education in Tsinghua University Library, which can be summarized as follows:reforming education models by using new technology; integrating information literacy education into the academic ecology of the university; and strengthening planning and implementation with new ideas; and using new media to enhance the effectiveness of education.[Result/conclusion] The practical experience of Tsinghua University Library includes:the guidance of new ideas, the application of new technologies and new media, embedding into teaching and research of the university, and keeping up with needs of students in the new era. However, the specific implementation path of each library should be suitable for its college.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Explore the practical experience of applying hand-drawn visual art to develop cultural creative design in university libraries. [Method/process] Using case study method, the paper introduced the idea and practice of "Hand Drawn Library" of Tsinghua University project in detail. The project team explored the library’s architectural design, history, resources and functions and put all the elements to cultural creative design. [Result/conclusion] The Hand Drawn Library works has effectively promoted the spread of library culture, and the popularization of library resources and functions. The combination of traditional and digital cultural creative forms has been recognized by readers. The integration of online and offline communication is proved to be effective. The application of hand-painted visual art to library cultural creation has important value for the inheritance and innovation of university culture.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-04-11 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：病毒是地球上最丰富的生物实体，每克土壤中可包含数以亿计的病毒，它不仅影响土壤中其它微生物的群落组成、土壤元素的生物地球化学循环，还会影响土壤微生物的物种进化，甚至影响植物、动物和人体健康。目前人们对土壤中病毒的种类及丰度、分布特征以及功能引起的生态环境效应还知之甚少。在概述病毒生态学研究方法的基础上，对土壤病毒的提取、纯化、定量及分子生态学方法等基本流程进行了比较分析，以期建立一套快速简便、高效稳定的适用于土壤病毒研究的方法，并用于研究土壤病毒的多样性及分布特征，探讨病毒在环境中的生存和传播机制，为土壤病毒的防控及开发利用提供支撑。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2017-11-08 Cooperative journals: 《数据分析与知识发现》
Abstract：【目的】通过构建知识传播理论模型, 探究虚拟社区中知识传播效果的内在影响机制。 【方法】基于虚拟 社区 GitHub 的实际数据, 利用社会网络分析法和回归分析法, 实证研究社区成员的位置特性、区域特性和创新 认可度对知识传播速度和传播范围的影响。 【结果】位置中心性通过改变潜在受众数量影响知识传播范围。创新 认可度通过影响传播概率影响知识传播速度。区域密集度与知识传播速度和传播范围呈负相关关系。 【局限】研 究结果仅基于一个大型虚拟社区, 结论的普遍性有待进一步证实。 【结论】对虚拟社区的管理策略以及创新成员 在虚拟社区中的知识分享策略和创新策略提出建议。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper systematically summarizes the establishment of subject librarian system and the development of subject services in Tsinghua University Library, providing reference for academic libraries subject service.[Method/process] Through literature and network research, this paper reviews the origin of the establishment of subject librarian system in Tsinghua University Library, combs the continuous expansion of subject service content and the continuous optimization of subject service management mode in the past 20 years, and discusses the bottlenecks encountered in the development of subject service and prospects for the future.[Result/conclusion] The practice of 20 years has proved that subject service is a powerful measure of service transformation in university libraries, and the continuous expansion of subject service content will also bring the standardization of service content. In the future, sustainable high-quality subject librarians, subject service performance evaluation and user needs survey will become the key and difficult points to break through the bottleneck of subject service and improve service effectiveness.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-03-06 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：生长素输出载体在植物发育中起非常重要的作用。然而，生长素输出载体蛋白PIN1在农作物水稻、小麦、玉米和大豆的根和胚中的亚细胞定位尚不清楚。在该项研究中，我们首先分析了OsPIN1b和它的同源物的氨基酸序列特征，发现小麦(TaPIN1)、玉米(ZmPIN1b)和大豆 (GmPIN1b)中的PIN1序列与水稻的OsPIN1b序列分别具有61.5 %、62.5 %、61.9 %的相似性。我们进一步根据水稻Nipponbare的OsPIN1b的氨基酸序列，人工合成OsPIN1b多肽并注射入健康的新西兰白兔获得了抗兔的OsPIN1b多克隆抗体，在通过免疫印迹方法检测抗兔的OsPIN1b多克隆抗体的有效性后，发现可以利用该抗体可以有效检测到水稻叶片及根中OsPIN1b的表达。为检测OsPIN1及其同源物在不同作物胚根和胚中子叶细胞的定位，利用制备的抗兔的OsPIN1b多克隆抗体并通过免疫组化实验，发现水稻的OsPIN1b、小麦的TaPIN1和玉米的ZmPIN1b非极性定位在早期的胚根和胚中子叶的表皮细胞的细胞质膜上，大豆中的GmPIN1b非极性定位在胚根表皮细胞的质膜上，而在胚的子叶细胞中是胞质定位。为进一步检测水稻中OsPIN1b的亚细胞定位，对水稻根分生区表皮细胞用蛋白质转运抑制剂BFA (brefeldin A)及抗兔的OsPIN1b多克隆抗体处理后，进行免疫组化实验，发现水稻中的OsPIN1b可以通过胞吞转运途径从水稻根表皮细胞膜进入细胞质中。本研究利用抗兔的OsPIN1b多克隆抗体有效检测了OsPIN1b及其同源物在水稻、小麦、玉米和大豆的胚根表皮细胞及胚中子叶表皮细胞的亚细胞定位，这将有助于进一步揭示生长素输出载体OsPIN1b及其同源物通过调控生长素极性运输而参与作物发育的作用机制。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： Aiming at the issue of symmetric flips in the process of 3D shape registration, this paper developed an efficient shape registration algorithm based on intrinsic symmetric feature detection. Firstly, it constructed intrinsic symmetric point pairs of the model by heat kernel signature (HKS) and geometric constraints. Secondly, based on the spectral embedding space analysis, it extracted the intrinsic symmetric plane of the model and effectively identified the symmetrical properties of the model according to the model surface normal vector, getting intrinsic symmetry point pair. Therefore it presented the consistent spectral symmetry structure of the model. Finally, combining the coherent point drift method, it implemented the shape registration of non-rigid model based on spectral symmetry. The experimental results show that the matching method is efficient and robust to the non-rigid deformable shape matching. Moreover, the structural features in same category models also are effectively identified.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究低聚木糖（XOS）对生长肥育猪血浆生化参数、肌肉氨基酸含量和肌纤维类型组成的影响。试验选取70日龄、平均体重约为30 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪80头，随机分为8组，每组10个重复（公母各占1/2），每个重复1头猪。试验设对照组、抗生素组、30~65 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS组以及30~100 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS组。于试猪平均体重达100 kg时，前腔静脉采血，离心分离血浆，测定生化参数；屠宰后取背最长肌样品，测定其氨基酸含量及肌纤维类型和肌肉生长相关基因mRNA表达量。结果表明：1）与对照组或抗生素组相比，饲粮添加不同剂量XOS可显著提高血浆球蛋白含量（P<0.05），显著降低白蛋白/球蛋白值（P<0.05）；2）与对照组或抗生素组相比，30~65 kg阶段饲粮添加250 g/t XOS可显著降低背最长肌中苏氨酸（Thr）、亮氨酸（Leu）、苯丙氨酸和丝氨酸（Ser）含量（P<0.05），30~65 kg阶段饲粮添加500 g/t XOS可显著增加背最长肌肌球蛋白重链Ⅱx（MyHCⅡx）、生肌决定因子（MyoD）、肌细胞生成素（MyoG）和生肌增强因子2A（MEF2A）mRNA表达量；3）与对照组或抗生素组相比，30~100 kg阶段饲粮添加100或500 g/t XOS可显著增加背最长肌中Thr、Leu、Ser、总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量以及MyHCⅡx、MyoD、MyoG、MEF2A和肌肉生长抑制素mRNA表达量（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮添加一定剂量的XOS可调控机体氮代谢，上调肌纤维类型和肌肉生长相关基因的表达，且以30~100 kg阶段添加100 g/t XOS的效果较佳。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-11-07 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究低聚木糖（XOS）对生长肥育猪血浆生化参数和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。选取70日龄、平均体重约为30 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪110头，随机分为11组，每组10头（公母各占1/2），单栏饲养。试验设对照组（饲喂基础饲粮），抗生素组（饲喂在基础饲料中添加0.04 kg/t速大肥、0.2 kg/t抗敌素的饲粮），30~65 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS添加组（在30~65 kg阶段分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、250和500 g/t XOS的饲粮，在66~100 kg阶段均饲喂基础饲粮），66~100 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS添加组（在30~65 kg阶段均饲喂基础饲粮，在66~100 kg阶段分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、250和500 g/t XOS的饲粮，）以及30~100 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS添加组（分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加100、250和500 g/t XOS的饲粮）。于试猪平均体重达100 kg（约170日龄）时，前腔静脉采血，离心分离血浆，测定生化参数；屠宰后取背最长肌和股二头肌样品，测定其脂肪酸组成。结果表明：与对照组相比，30~65 kg阶段，饲粮添加100或500 g/t XOS可显著降低股二头肌中十七烷酸(C17:0)含量（P<0.05）；65~100 kg阶段，饲粮添加250 g/t XOS可显著增加股二头肌中饱和脂肪酸（SFA）+单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）含量（P<0.05），添加100或500 g/t XOS可显著增加股二头肌中花生烯酸（C20:1）含量（P<0.05）；30~100 kg阶段，饲粮添加100 g/t XOS可显著增加背最长肌中油酸/亚油酸以及股二头肌中C20:1、MUFA和SFA+MUFA含量（P<0.05），添加100或250 g/t XOS可显著降低血浆总胆固醇浓度（P<0.05），添加500 g/t XOS可显著增加血浆高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇浓度（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮添加一定剂量的XOS可通过调控与脂代谢相关的血浆生化参数、增加肌肉中MUFA和SFA+MUFA含量而改善猪肉的风味和营养价值，且以30~100 kg阶段添加100 g/t XOS为最佳。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：为了研究低聚木糖（xylo-oligosaccharide,XOS）对生长肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响，试验选取平均体重为30 kg左右的三元杂交猪80头，随机分为8组，每组10头，公、母各占1/2，单栏饲养。试验设对照组、抗生素组，30~65 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS组，以及30~100 kg阶段100、250和500 g/t XOS组。分别于试验开始和结束时记录每头猪的空腹体重及采食量，计算平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（F/G）；于试猪平均体重达100 kg时屠宰采样，测定胴体性状、肉品质和肌肉化学成分。结果表明：与对照组或抗生素组相比，饲粮添加不同剂量的XOS对生长肥育猪的ADFI、ADG、F/G、胴体性状和肉品质均无显著影响（P＞0.05）；30~65 kg阶段添加250 g/t XOS可显著增加脾脏指数以及背最长肌粗蛋白质含量（P<0.05）；30~100 kg阶段添加500 g/t XOS可显著增加脾脏指数及背最长肌粗蛋白质含量（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮添加不同剂量的XOS虽对生长肥育猪的ADFI、ADG、F/G、胴体性状和肉品质等指标影响不显著，但可通过增加肌肉粗蛋白质含量而改善猪肉营养价值；以30~100 kg阶段添加500 g/t XOS效果较佳。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对哺乳仔猪血浆生化参数、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠第85天的健康大白猪40头，随机分为2组，每组20头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加250 g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂。从母猪妊娠第85天开始饲喂至产后第21天结束。分别于仔猪7和21日龄，每组选取8窝仔猪，每窝选1头体重接近的仔猪，前腔静脉采血，测定血浆生化参数；采集新鲜粪便样品，测定其中微生物数量及短链脂肪酸、生物胺含量。结果表明：与对照组相比，试验组7日龄仔猪粪便中乙酸和色胺含量显著增加（P＜0.05），粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P＜0.05），粪便中亚精胺（P=0.068）和精胺（P=0.074）含量以及乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌（P=0.053）呈增加趋势；试验组21日龄仔猪血浆尿素氮和甘油三酯含量以及粪便中亚精胺和精胺含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可调控哺乳仔猪脂代谢和氮代谢相关血浆生化参数，减少肠道中大肠杆菌数量，增加肠道部分生物胺和乙酸含量，从而改善哺乳仔猪的肠道健康和生长发育。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对哺乳仔猪血浆生化参数、粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠第85天的健康大白猪40头，随机分为2组，每组20头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加250 g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂。从母猪妊娠第85天开始饲喂至产后第21天结束。分别于仔猪7和21日龄，每组选取8窝仔猪，每窝选1头体重接近的仔猪，前腔静脉采血，测定血浆生化参数；采集新鲜粪便样品，测定其中微生物数量及短链脂肪酸、生物胺含量。结果表明：与对照组相比，试验组7日龄仔猪粪便中乙酸和色胺含量显著增加（P＜0.05），粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P＜0.05），粪便中亚精胺（P=0.068）和精胺（P=0.074）含量以及乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌（P=0.053）呈增加趋势；试验组21日龄仔猪血浆尿素氮和甘油三酯含量以及粪便中亚精胺和精胺含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可调控哺乳仔猪脂代谢和氮代谢相关血浆生化参数，减少肠道中大肠杆菌数量，增加肠道部分生物胺和乙酸含量，从而改善哺乳仔猪的肠道健康和生长发育。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌对围产期母猪粪便微生物及其代谢产物的影响。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近、妊娠第85天的健康大白猪40头，随机分为2个组，每组20头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加250 g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂。从母猪妊娠第85天开始饲喂至产后第21天结束。分别于母猪妊娠第100和112天以及产后第7、14和21天每组采集8头母猪的新鲜粪便样品，测定其粪便中微生物数量、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和生物胺含量。结果表明：与对照组相比，1）饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著增加产后第7天母猪粪便中乳酸杆菌数量、乳酸杆菌/大肠杆菌和产后第21天粪便中厚壁菌数量（P<0.05）。2）饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著增加妊娠第100天母猪粪便中乙酸、异丁酸、支链脂肪酸和总SCFA含量（P<0.05），产后第7天粪便中戊酸、直链脂肪酸、异丁酸、异戊酸、支链脂肪酸和总SCFA含量（P<0.05），产后第21天粪便中丙酸、丁酸和直链脂肪酸含量（P<0.05）；显著降低产后第14天粪便中异戊酸含量（P<0.05）。3）饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著增加妊娠第100天母猪粪便中尸胺含量（P<0.05），妊娠第112天粪便中亚精胺和精胺含量（P<0.05），产后第14天粪便中尸胺、酪胺、亚精胺和精胺含量（P<0.05）。综上所述，围产期母猪饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可增加肠道中有益菌数量、部分生物胺和SCFA含量，对改善母猪的肠道健康和营养状况具有有益作用。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌对围产期母猪繁殖性能和子代生长的影响。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠85 d的健康大白猪40头，随机分为2组，每组20头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加250 g/t的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂。试验期为妊娠85 d至产后21 d。分别于母猪妊娠85、112 d和产后21 d测量母猪背膘厚并计算背膘损失。于产后1和21 d耳缘静脉采血，肝素抗凝，离心分离血浆，测定血浆生化指标。于产后1 d记录母猪的产仔数和产活仔数，并称取仔猪出生窝重。于产后21 d称取仔猪断奶窝重并计算断奶窝日增重；每天观察并记录每窝仔猪腹泻情况，计算腹泻率。结果表明：与对照组相比，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂对母猪繁殖性能无显著影响（P＞0.05），但显著降低了仔猪1~7 d和1~21 d腹泻率（P<0.05），显著增加了产后21 d母猪血浆免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量（P<0.05），且产后1 d母猪血浆白蛋白（P=0.087）和IgM（P=0.096）含量以及产后21 d背膘厚（P=0.096）均呈增加趋势。综上所述，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂虽然不影响母猪繁殖性能，但可增强机体对蛋白质的利用和免疫力，降低仔猪腹泻率。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Han Lifeng
Qin Xiaoyan
Yang Zhigang
Wang Ling
Wu Ningfen
Hong Yue
Wang Yu
He Qingfang
Ma Lu
Du Weichun
Deng Jingkang
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims to study the planning of information literacy education and provide references for further improving the practice of information literacy education in colleges and universities in China. [Method/process] By literature review and web research, this paper analyzed the status quo of information literacy education practice in Chinese universities and the latest achievements of information literacy education planning abroad. The principles of planning of information literacy education were analyzed. The core system of information literacy education in colleges and universities in the new era is discussed in detail. [Result/conclusion] The development of information literacy education in the new environment urgently needs planning research to be strengthened, which may provide guidance and suggestions for information literacy education to enter a new stage.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Under the support of the advisory project “Thinking and Suggestions on the Dilemma and Development of Chinese STM Journals” of the Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we took extensive questionnaire survey and deep analysis based on 2734 researchers and journal editors from 34 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and special administrative regions in China. We believe that the current difficulties and challenges faced by Chinese STM journals are temporary problems occurred during the process of Chinese scientific and technological development, which are not only related to external environmental factors such as research evaluation and international competition of STM journals, but also originated from the insufficiency of reform and innovation of Chinese STM journals themselves. We suggest that Chinese STM journals should define developing direction, improve service efficiency, and integrate into new academic communication.
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