Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究应用固态发酵技术改善香蕉茎叶粉养分组成的工艺参数及鹅对其养分利用率。选择米曲霉和产朊假丝酵母作为发酵菌种，逐步探究5个因素（单菌种发酵、硫酸铵添加量、米曲霉和产朊假丝酵母接种比例、混合菌液接种量）对发酵后香蕉茎叶粉蛋白质含量的影响。利用正交设计筛选最优发酵温度、底物水分和发酵时间的组合。结果显示：米曲霉和产朊假丝酵母单独发酵均能显著或极显著提高发酵后香蕉茎叶粉的粗蛋白质含量（P<0.05或P<0.01）。添加硫酸铵能显著或极显著提高发酵后香蕉茎叶粉的真蛋白质含量（P<0.05或P<0.01），其中添加2%硫酸铵组的真蛋白质含量最高。米曲霉:产朊假丝酵母接种比例为2:1的处理发酵后香蕉茎叶粉的蛋白质净增加量显著或极显著高于比例为1:1、1:3和3:2的处理（P<0.05或P<0.01）。正交试验结果显示：以4%的接种量、接种比例为2:1(米曲霉:产朊假丝酵母菌液)、2%的硫酸铵添加量，在基质水分为50%，30 ℃的环境下发酵4 d效果最佳。经过该工艺发酵后的香蕉茎叶粉粗蛋白质含量提高了33.82%，氨基酸分析结果显示，除赖氨酸和精氨酸外其余的15种氨基酸含量均有不同程度地提高。马冈鹅的代谢试验结果显示，发酵后香蕉茎叶粉中的粗蛋白质利用率提高了52.66%，极显著高于发酵前（P<0.01），此外，代谢能和能量利用率也都略有提高。由此可见，经过该发酵工艺发酵后的香蕉茎叶粉营养价值不仅得到了改善，也促进了鹅对其养分的消化吸收。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究四川白鹅和樱桃谷肉鸭对不同产地亚麻饼粕的养分利用率。采集不同产地的亚麻饼粕，测定其营养成分以及四川白鹅和樱桃谷肉鸭对亚麻粕的利用率。选用体重相近的四川白鹅和樱桃谷肉鸭各48只，每种试验动物随机分为8组，每组6个重复，每个重复1只动物。结果表明：1）不同产地亚麻饼粕营养成分有差异，粗蛋白质含量变化较大，其变化范围为34.72%~41.47%；钙含量较低，在0.33%~0.56%之间波动；总磷含量高，可达到1.02%；粗脂肪含量变化差异大，在2.60%~14.12%之间波动；生氰糖苷（HCN）含量差异大，在53.61~394.99 mg/kg之间波动。2）四川白鹅、樱桃谷肉鸭的表观代谢能（AME）的变化范围分别为3.49~10.33 MJ/kg和4.55~9.71 MJ/kg，真代谢能（TME）的变化范围分别为4.30~11.13 MJ/kg和5.80~10.93 MJ/kg。3）樱桃谷肉鸭对亚麻饼粕的磷的真利用率显著高于四川白鹅（P＜0.05）。由此可见，亚麻饼粕粗蛋白质和磷含量高，并且磷利用率较高，是较好的蛋白质和磷源饲料原料。
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2023-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： Waterfowl farming in China is developing rapidly in the direction of large-scale, standardization and intelligence. The research and application of intelligent farming equipment and information technology is the key to promote the healthy and sustainable development of waterfowl farming, which is important to improve the output efficiency of waterfowl farming, reduce the reliance on labor in the production process, fit the development concept of green and environmental protection and achieve high-quality transformational development. In this paper, the latest research and inventions of intelligent waterfowl equipment, waterfowl shed environment intelligent control technology and intelligent waterfowl feeding, drinking water, dosing and disinfection and automatic manure treatment equipment were introduced. At present, compared to pigs, chickens and cattle, the intelligent equipment of waterfowl are still relatively backward. Most waterfowl houses are equipped with chicken equipment directly, lacking improvements for waterfowl. Moreover, the linkage between the equipment is poor and not integrated with the breeding mode and shed structure of waterfowl, resulting in low utilization. Therefore, there is a need to develop and improve equipment for the physiological growth characteristics of waterfowl from the perspective of their breeding welfare. In addition, the latest research advances in the application of real-time production information collection and intelligent management technologies were present. The information collection technologies included visual imaging technology, sound capture systems, and wearable sensors were present. Since the researches of ducks and geese is few, the research of poultry field, which can provide a reference for the waterfowl were also summarized. The research of information perception and processing of waterfowl is currently in its initial stage. Information collection techniques need to be further tailored to the physiological growth characteristics of waterfowl, and better deep learning models need to be established. The waterfowl management platform, taking the intelligent management platform developed by South China Agricultural University as an example were also described. Finally, the intelligent application of the waterfowl industry was pointed out, and the future trends of intelligent farming with the development of mechanized and intelligent equipment for waterfowl in China to improve the recommendations were analyzed. The current waterfowl farming is in urgent need of intelligent equipment reform and upgrading of the industry for support. In the future, intelligent equipment for waterfowl, information perception methods and control platforms are in urgent to be developed. When upgrading the industry, it is necessary to develop a development strategy that fits the current waterfowl farming model in China.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在测定不同产地构树叶粉和构树枝叶粉的营养成分及其鹅代谢能。试验采集了6种构树叶粉样品和3种构树枝叶粉样品，采用化学分析法测定其营养成分含量。选取健康、体重相近的18周龄成年雄性马冈鹅48只，随机分成6个组，每组8个重复，每个重复1只鹅。采用代谢试验测定6种构树叶粉样品和3种构树枝叶粉样品的鹅代谢能。结果表明：1）6种构树叶粉样品总能平均值为17.07 MJ/kg，粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维、钙、磷含量的平均值分别为22.49%、2.19%、17.81%、13.89%、3.12%、0.54%；除总能和粗灰分含量之外，其他营养成分含量变异系数均大于10%。3种构树枝叶粉总能平均值为18.35 MJ/kg，粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维、钙、磷含量的平均值分别为16.99%、1.44%、13.77%、25.12%、1.58%、0.37%；粗脂肪、磷、粗纤维含量变异较大，变异系数均大于10%。2）不同产地构树枝叶粉单宁、总黄酮、水溶性糖含量平均值分别为229.03 μg/g、578.88 μg/g、4.65%，总黄酮、水溶性糖含量变异系数均大于20%。湖北构树枝叶粉样品水溶性糖含量最高，安徽构树枝叶粉样品总黄酮含量最高。3）鹅对6种构树叶粉的表观代谢能(AME)和真代谢能(TME)平均值分别为9.72和10.23 MJ/kg。鹅对3种构树枝叶粉的AME和TME平均值分别为6.87和7.35 MJ/kg。综上，构树枝叶粉蛋白质含量较高，营养价值较高，是一种较好的粗饲料原料，但鹅对其能量利用率不高。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在评价白酒糟和发酵白酒糟的营养成分含量及鸡、鸭、鹅对其的仿生消化总能（SDGE）和代谢能（ME），分别利用仿生消化法和生物学法（排空强饲法）测定。结果表明：1）白酒糟中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗灰分和总磷含量分别为85.63%、18.43%、1.49%和0.21%，均显著低于发酵白酒糟中的89.15%、24.75%、2.37%和0.38%（P0.05）。由此可见，发酵白酒糟中的粗蛋白质、总磷含量高于白酒糟，粗纤维含量低于白酒糟；鸡、鸭、鹅对发酵白酒糟的SDGE均高于白酒糟；樱桃谷肉鸭对白酒糟的ME高于杏花公鸡、四川白鹅；而杏花公鸡、樱桃谷肉鸭、四川白鹅对发酵白酒糟的ME则无差异。
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