Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Water balance has always been the key scientific issue facing in vegetation construction in sandy areas of northern China. Lysimeter is regarded as the most reliable tool in studying water balance. The existing problems such as the limited lysimeter sites, the system mismatch and accuracy inconsistency among lysimeters restrict the theoretical innovation of arid ecohydrology. Grouping large intelligent weighable lysimeters is an effective way to break through the aforementioned bottleneck, and conforms to the current interdisciplinary research trend. Funded by the “Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Construction Project for the Field Station Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)”, Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station of CAS completed the platform construction of Automatic Simulating and Monitoring System for Water Balance of Sandy Areas of Northern China—Shapotou Lysimeter Group in 2019. Based on 36 large weighable lysimeters, this platform also assembles other systems such as precipitation and groundwater simulation system, root dynamics monitoring system, soil solution extraction system, and data management information system. Within lysimeters, soils transported from different bioclimatic sandy areas were repacked and the corresponding typical sand fixation shrubs were transplanted. Functions and features of this platform include simulating precipitation and groundwater, and continuously monitoring processes such as soil water dynamics, evapotranspiration, and plant growth with a high accuracy. Shapotou Lysimeter group is an important platform for understanding the ecohydrological interaction mechanisms within revegetation-soil system and for exploring models of plant sand fixation and theories of ecological restoration and rehabilitation of sandy areas. It will greatly enhance the ability for field stations to conduct scientific researches and to solve national key scientific and technical issues.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Land degradation and desertification are the serious ecological problems and challenges to achieve global sustainable development goals. The Chinese government proposes to integrate the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt with the environmental improvement of the Central Asia, to build an intimate community of shared destiny between China and the Central Asia countries, and to promote the green and sustainable development of the Silk Road Economic Belt. However, the ecological crisis in the Aral Sea causes a significant shrinking in water body, loss of biodiversity, salinization, desertification, and salt dust storm, which have become major environmental problems encountered in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt in the Central Asia. On the basis of sorting out the problems of land degradation and desertification caused by the ecological crisis in the Aral Sea,this study scientifically analyzed the development trend and causes of desertification and salinization land in the Aral Sea region in the past 30 years, discussed the spatial differences of vegetation stability and its carrying capacity in the Amu Darya Basin and the Aral Sea region, and put forward the directions, strategies, key technologies and innovative modes of ecological restoration for the desertification and salinized land. Solving the ecological crisis and desertification in the Aral Sea is one of the key points in the construction of the Green Silk Road, and also an important embodiment of building a community of shared future for mankind and practicing the global values of ecological civilization.
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