• Ontology Construction for Intelligent Control and Application of Crop Germplasm Resources

    Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Other Disciplines of Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science submitted time 2024-06-26 Cooperative journals: 《农业图书情报学报》

    Abstract: Purpose/Significance Breeding 4.0, characterized by biotechnology + artificial intelligence + big data information technology, has brought new requirements for the digital management and intelligent utilization of germplasm resources. In order to meet the diverse support needs for knowledge service forms under an intelligent background, this article aims to propose an effective method for knowledge organization and deep semantic association. This is essential to address the inconveniences that discrete germplasm resource data bring to researchers when collaborating across regions and institutions. Therefore, the article presents a method that integrates fragmented domain data into a systematic knowledge system, which is particularly important. Method/Process By analyzing the domain data descriptions and the current organizational status, the ontology construction was performed using the seven-step method developed by Stanford University Hospital. First, existing ontologies such as the Crop Ontology, Gene Ontology, and Darwin Core were referenced and reused, and then integrated with the knowledge framework from the Technical Specifications for Crop Germplasm Resources series and example datasets. Consequently, an ontology model was successfully constructed, which covers five major categories of crops: cereals, cash crops, vegetables, fruit trees, and forage and green manure crops. This model defines 11 core classes including phenotypes and genotypes, as well as identification methods and evaluation standards, along with 10 object properties and 56 data properties. Results/Conclusions Based on the ontology model, the article proposes a methodology for constructing a knowledge graph of crop germplasm resources. Using rice as an example, a domain-specific fine-grained knowledge graph is developed to facilitate semantic association and querying across multiple knowledge dimensions. The article also outlines prospective designs for new intelligent knowledge service scenarios driven by the knowledge graph, such as intelligent question and answer and knowledge computation, aiming to meet the knowledge service needs of researchers, breeding companies, and the general public. This is intended to provide more accurate and efficient support for computational breeding efforts. Currently, the research focuses only on rice as an example of a cereal crop, with economic crops, vegetables, and other types of crop germplasm resources not yet included in the study. Future work will expand the scope of the study and add new classes and properties specific to different germplasm resources to better address the diverse and personalized knowledge needs of users in the eraa of big data. This approach aims to promote the contextualization, ubiquity, and intelligence of knowledge services, and to further integrate them into different academic disciplines related to the development of new quality digital productivity.

  • 用于边缘计算设备的果树挂果量轻量化估测模型

    Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Basic Disciplines of Agriculture submitted time 2023-08-14 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业(中英文)》

    Abstract: [Objective] The fruit load estimation of fruit tree is essential for horticulture management. Traditional estimation method by manual sampling is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming but also prone to errors. Most existing models can not apply to edge computing equipment with limited computing resources because of their high model complexity. This study aims to develop a lightweight model for edge computing equipment to estimate fruit load automatically in the orchard. [Methods] The experimental data were captured using the smartphone in the citrus orchard in Jiangnan district, Nanning city, Guangxi province. In the dataset, 30 videos were randomly selected for model training and other 10 for testing. The general idea of the proposed algorithm was divided into two parts: Detecting fruits and extracting ReID features of fruits in each image from the video,then tracking fruit and estimating the fruit load. Specifically, the CSPDarknet53 network was used as the backbone of the model to achieve feature extraction as it consumes less hardware computing resources, which was suitable for edge computing equipment. The path aggregation feature pyramid network PAFPN was introduced as the neck part for the feature fusion via the jump connection between the low-level and high-level features. The fused features from the PAFPN were fed into two parallel branches. One was the fruit detection branch and another was the identity embedding branch. The fruit detection branch consisted of three prediction heads, each of which performed 3×3 convolution and 1×1 convolution on the feature map output by the PAFPN to predict the fruit's keypoint heat map, local offset and bounding box size, respectively. The identity embedding branch distinguished between different fruit identity features. In the fruit tracking stage, the byte mechanism from the ByteTrack algorithm was introduced to improve the data association of the FairMOT method, enhancing the performance of fruit load estimation in the video. The Byte algorithm considered both high-score and low-score detection boxes to associate the fruit motion trajectory, then matches the identity features' similarity of fruits between frames. The number of fruit IDs whose tracking duration longer than five frames was counted as the amount of citrus fruit in the video. [Results and Discussions] All experiments were conducted on edge computing equipment. The fruit detection experiment was conducted under the same test dataset containing 211 citrus tree images. The experimental results showed that applying CSPDarkNet53+ PAFPN structure in the proposed model achieved a precision of 83.6%, recall of 89.2% and F1 score of 86.3%, respectively, which were superior to the same indexes of FairMOT (ResNet34) model, FairMOT (HRNet18) model and Faster RCNN model. The CSPDarkNet53+ PAFPN structure adopted in the proposed model could better detect the fruits in the images, laying a foundation for estimating the amount of citrus fruit on trees. The model complexity experimental results showed that the number of parameters, FLOPs (Floating Point Operations) and size of the proposed model were 5.01 M, 36.44 G and 70.2 MB, respectively. The number of parameters for the proposed model was 20.19% of FairMOT (ResNet34) model's and 41.51% of FairMOT (HRNet18) model's. The FLOPs for the proposed model was 78.31% less than FairMOT (ResNet34) model's and 87.63% less than FairMOT (HRNet18) model's. The model size for the proposed model was 23.96% of FairMOT (ResNet34) model's and 45.00% of FairMOT (HRNet18) model's. Compared with the Faster RCNN, the model built in this study showed advantages in the number of parameters, FLOPs and model size. The low complexity proved that the proposed model was more friendly to edge computing equipment. Compared with the lightweight backbone network EfficientNet-Lite, the CSPDarkNet53 applied in the proposed model's backbone performed better fruit detection and model complexity. For fruit load estimation, the improved tracking strategy that integrated the Byte algorithm into the FairMOT positively boosted the estimation accuracy of fruit load. The experimental results on the test videos showed that the AEP (Average Estimating Precision) and FPS (Frames Per Second) of the proposed model reached 91.61% and 14.76 f/s, which indicated that the proposed model could maintain high estimation accuracy while the FPS was 2.4 times and 4.7 times of the comparison models, respectively. The RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of the proposed model was 4.1713, which was 47.61% less than FairMOT (ResNet34) model's and 22.94% less than FairMOT (HRNet18) model's. The R2 of the determination coefficient between the algorithm-measured value and the manual counted value was 0.9858, which was superior to other comparison models. The proposed model revealed better performance in estimating fruit load and lower model complexity than other comparatives. [Conclusions] The experimental results proved the validity of the proposed model for fruit load estimation on edge computing equipment. This research could provide technical references for the automatic monitoring and analysis of orchard productivity. Future research will continue to enrich the data resources, further improve the model's performance, and explore more efficient methods to serve more fruit tree varieties.

  • 知识图谱构建管理系统比较研究与优化构想

    Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-09-05 Cooperative journals: 《农业图书情报学报》

    Abstract: Purpose/Significance Knowledge Graph has become a major research hotspot in the era of artificial intelligence due to its ability to provide a new means of organization and representation of knowledge. As the field continues to evolve, numerous scholars have proposed advanced algorithms and technologies for each core stage of constructing a knowledge graph, and many large domestic and foreign enterprises have also developed their independent knowledge graph management systems. However, the majority of these graph tools developed are designed for commercial use and are often too expensive and difficult to deploy locally for small and medium-sized research teams. This presents a challenge for information organizations such as research libraries with massive resources, which require a more adaptable, universal, and efficient tool to build and manage knowledge graphs. To meet this need, it is important to develop an open-source, user-friendly, and customizable knowledge graph management system that can be easily deployed by small and medium-sized research teams. Method/Process In summary, this article offers a thorough and informative analysis of six mainstream knowledge graph management systems, both domestically and internationally. It delves into the unique characteristics of each system within the business process and provides an in-depth comparative analysis based on several important factors, including system functionality, technology selection, open-source availability, and application domains. The article refers to the standard construction process of knowledge graphs and highlights the platform characteristics of each system during the construction process while also examining their limitations based on current data characteristics. In response to practical needs, the article focuses on multi-path, multi-engine, distributed, and collaborative construction, integrating advanced graph algorithms and considering a well-developed underlying graph storage strategy. Results/Conclusions As a result袁the article presents an in-depth analysis of the construction model for a collaborative development and management system of an integrated knowledge graph. It not only investigates the current state of knowledge graph management systems but also proposes novel optimization ideas. These ideas include distributed collaborative construction, which allows for simultaneous contributions from multiple sources, and parallel management of multiple graphs, enabling efficient organization and retrieval. Additionally, some suggestions are put forward: developing multi-path knowledge extraction techniques to enhance the knowledge acquisition process, and using specialized multi-graph storage engines for optimized storage and retrieval. Last, the article emphasizes the importance of incorporating cross-media and multimodal knowledge into the graph for a comprehensive representation of information.

  • Research and Thinking on the Development Strategy of National Scientific and Technological Literature in the Open Science Environment

    Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》

    Abstract: [Purpose/significance] Scientific and technological literature is an indispensable means of scientific research and the guarantee to enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation. Through studying the current situation of the construction of domestic and foreign science and technology documents in China, we can do a good strategic research for the national medium and long-term science and technology development plan. [Method/process] This paper studied the development progress and existing problems of the construction of scientific and technological literature in China, analyzed the experience of the construction of foreign scientific and technological literature, summarized the development trend and demand of the scientific and technological literature in the open science environment,and put forward the future layout and development plan of the construction of scientific and technological literature in China. [Result/conclusion] Put forward the future key direction of the construction of China's national scientific and technological literature:to build a new generation of national scientific and technological literature infrastructure and a long-term preservation system of scientific and technological documents, to ensure the sustainable supply and strategic security of China's scientific and technological literature; to build a national scientific and technological innovation and open knowledge service system, to break through the independent supply of key technologies and products of the new generation of scientific and technological literature Intelligent Knowledge Service Bottleneck; to establish a national science and technology literature collaborative support service system covering all kinds of innovation subjects, and form a new generation of open intelligent knowledge service industry; to guide the development policy and direction of science and technology literature, enhance China's influence in the international academic arena, and put forward five guarantee measures for the construction of China's national science and technology literature.

  • Research and Implementation of Linking Services Between Scientific Data and Academic Literature

    Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》

    Abstract: [Purpose/significance] To meet researchers' increasing demands for scientific data retrieval and discovery, this study conducts a research on the improvement of the metadata of scientific data and further realizes the in-depth linking discovery between scientific data and academic literature.[Method/process] Based on the investigating the methods and experiences of linking service, this study proposed a system architecture of scientific data retrieval and linking services, and realized collection and integration of academic resource metadata, enrichment and enhancement of scientific data metadata, and retrieval and linking discovery services of scientific data.[Result/conclusion] The improvement of the quality of scientific data metadata can support deeper and more fine-grained semantic linking services between scientific data and academic literature, and help users discover scientific data and its associated academic literature.

  • Library Space Functions and Service Innovation in the Intelligent Era

    Subjects: Library Science,Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》

    Abstract: [Purpose/significance] The advent of intelligent era spawned by Big Data and Artifical Intelligence prompts serious re-examination of the changes in library space functions, resources and innovative service trends, hoping to provide references for future development planning of library space services. [Method/process] This paper researched on the changes of library user roles, repositioning library functions, and technological innovation integration development under the new situation, and analyzed the future development trend and the involved important supporting technologies of library space function services based on the three elements of spaces, resources and services. [Result/conclusion] The library has undergone a transformation and upgrading from a traditional resource-based center to a knowledge center characterized by learning and exchanges, and has developed into a complex functional space supporting diversified service models and inclusive cultural facilities. The high-density automatic storage library, innovative service space reconstruction, multi-modal resource association and integration, immersive reading, etc. may become the reform focus of library space function innovation.