分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2022-06-07 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Shaanbeikannemeyeria is a common tetrapod from the lower part of the Ermaying Formation of the Ordos Basin, China. There are taxonomical questions surrounding this genus, such as the validity of the genus, and how many species are included within it. Several specimens have been collected since 1978. Shaanbeikannemeyeria first appeared from the top of the Heshanggou Formation. These specimens are described to clarify the diagnostic characters, the individual variations and the phylogenetic position of Shaanbeikannemeyeria. Only one species, S. xilougouensis, is recognized. It is characterized by the following autapomorphies: occiput strongly inclined relative to the palate such that the skull is much shorter basally than dorsally, sword tip-like premaxillary posterodorsal processes, tall and dorsally-convex cutting blade on the medial edge of the dorsal surface of the dentary, reflected lamina with a separated posteroventral process, and 15 dorsal vertebrae. This species shows variations on the cranial morphology, such as the occiput height relative to the width, the snout tip (sharp or obtuse), the shape of the orbital portion of the zygomatic arch, and the shape of caniniform process. Some variations could be ontogenetically related, such as the development of the caniniform process and tusk, the posterior extension of the maxilla on the zygomatic arch, the distance between the frontal and the premaxilla, the intertemporal bar width, and the exposing degree of the parietals. Based on postcranial bones, the second dicynodont genus (possibly Parakannemeyeria) is present in the lower Ermaying Formation.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2022-08-02 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: 报道了哈密南湖戈壁首次发现的恐龙蛋,包括长形长形蛋(Elongatoolithus elongatus)和椭圆形蛋未定种(Ovaloolithus oosp.)。这些恐龙蛋的发现不仅扩展了长形蛋类和椭圆形蛋类的古地理分布,而且表明南湖戈壁含蛋岩层地质时代为晚白垩世末期;该地层是否可与吐鲁番盆地的苏巴什组进行对比还有待进一步工作确认
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2019-06-11 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: The Permian dicynodont records were previously rare in North China, but many dicynodont specimens have been collected from the Naobaogou Formation in Daqingshan area, Nei Mongol since 2009. Among these specimens, seven morphotypes have been identified, and they may represent seven different species: two of them are closely related to Daqingshanodon limbus, three or four are closely related to Jimusaria sinkianensis, and one may be closely related to Turfanodon. This study shows the dicynodonts also have a high diversity at the species level in North China.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2024-09-17 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: 主要基于晚二叠世的头部材料,中国近年来报道了多个兽头类物种。记述了新疆韭 菜园组的小型包氏兽超科(Baurioidea)新材料,包括一个头骨吻端及咬合的下颌以及两个 头后骨架,并命名为迷惑韭菜园颌兽(Jiucaiyuangnathus confusus)。虽然标本为幼年个体, 新种有以下鉴定特征:上颌骨侧面中部有小圆坑;泪骨与鼻骨接触;前颌骨后端在内鼻孔 外侧有容纳下颌齿的窝;犁骨前部侧缘有小型三角形脊向背腹两侧延伸,组成细长的犁 骨孔的侧缘;额骨有尖角延伸到鼻骨后侧部;齿骨的联合部收窄并指向前方;5枚前颌骨 齿,上下犬齿缺失,前颌骨齿与上颌骨齿间有齿缺,下颌前部无齿缺,10枚上颌骨齿,12 枚齿骨齿,后部齿加长,有大的主尖及小的前后副尖;寰椎神经弓与神经棘愈合,枢椎神 经棘倒向后方,前乌喙骨孔位于前乌喙骨与肩胛骨间。齿系与小型包氏兽超科成员南非的 Ericiolacerta parva及俄罗斯的Silphedosuchus orenburgensis类似。新的头后骨骼材料提供了 难得的研究包氏兽超科成员头后骨骼的机会。
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2019-08-26 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Eutriconodontans are one of the key members of mammals to our understanding of the evolution and transition of mammalian fauna in Asia during the Cretaceous. Two gobiconodontid and two triconodontid species have previously been reported from the upper Lower Cretaceous Shahai and Fuxin formations. Here we describe two additional eutriconodontans from the formations, Fuxinoconodon changi gen. et sp. nov. and ?Gobiconodontidae gen. et sp. indet. This new species is attributed to the Gobiconodontidae, characterized by having an enlarged first lower incisor, reduction in the number of incisors and premolariforms, proportionally large cusps b and c being well distant from cusp a on the molariforms, presence of a labial cingulid, and a unique mixed combination of molariform characters seen on either the first or the second, but not both, generations of molariforms in Gobiconodon. Together with the four known species, eutriconodontans remained diverse to some extent in the late Early Cretaceous in Asia, although their family-level and generic level diversity appears to have been already reduced at that time.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2019-08-26 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Eutriconodontans are one of the key members of mammals to our understanding of the evolution and transition of mammalian fauna in Asia during the Cretaceous. Two gobiconodontid and two triconodontid species have previously been reported from the upper Lower Cretaceous Shahai and Fuxin formations. Here we describe two additional eutriconodontans from the formations, Fuxinoconodon changi gen. et sp. nov. and ?Gobiconodontidae gen. et sp. indet. This new species is attributed to the Gobiconodontidae, characterized by having an enlarged first lower incisor, reduction in the number of incisors and premolariforms, proportionally large cusps b and c being well distant from cusp a on the molariforms, presence of a labial cingulid, and a unique mixed combination of molariform characters seen on either the first or the second, but not both, generations of molariforms in Gobiconodon. Together with the four known species, eutriconodontans remained diverse to some extent in the late Early Cretaceous in Asia, although their family-level and generic level diversity appears to have been already reduced at that time.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2021-07-21 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Robust regional chronostratigraphic framework is the basis of understanding climatic and faunal events in the geologic history. One of the most dramatic faunal turnovers of the past 50 million years in Asia is linked to the Eocene–Oligocene Transition (EOT) at about 34 Ma. However, the chronostratigraphic relationships between faunal modulation and geologic events associated with the EOT in China have remained uncertain before and after the epoch boundaries, mainly due to the scarcity of continuous records and problems in correlating and subdividing the classic areas containing abundant mammalian fossils. Past decades have seen developments in establishing Chinese regional Paleogene Land Mammal Ages, and albeit many ages are well constrained, some, such as those of the latest Eocene and the Oligocene, have remained unsettled. In this paper, we present how recent evidence from the fossiliferous Ulantatal sequence, Nei Mongol, China, provides better constraints to the latest Eocene and Oligocene Chinese Land Mammal ages (Baiyinian, Ulantatalian, and Tabenbulukian). We propose Ulantatal sequence as a new regional unit stratotype section of the Ulantatalian stage, and the lower boundary of Tabenbulukian stage to be reassigned to Chron C9r (27.7 Ma), with the lowest occurrence of Sinolagomys as the marker horizon.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2025-02-14 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: 豫西潭头盆地上白垩统中已发现了多种脊椎动物化石,以数种非鸟恐龙类的发现 为特点。盆地内也同时报道有大量的蛋壳,然而关于这些蛋壳的研究却还不足。新材料 41HⅤ0199为2021年发掘自潭头盆地上白垩统秋扒组。岩石中保存了8枚完整蛋体,组成一 不到一半的部分蛋窝,此外还保存有若干分散于围岩中的破碎蛋壳,其凹面向上与凹面向 下者的比例为54.5∶45.5, 指示这些蛋壳可能直接来源于该蛋窝,且蛋窝在埋藏前发生了部 分破碎。基于宏观形态与显微结构的特征,这些蛋和蛋壳可被归入长形蛋科的瑶屯巨形 蛋(Macroolithus yaotunensis)。该蛋种已知与窃蛋龙类直接相关,而盆地内发现的迷你豫龙 (Yulong mini) 可能是该蛋窝的产蛋者。此外,在个别蛋壳中还发现了指示蛋体滞留的显微 结构,这是此类病态结构在长形蛋科中的第二例发现。
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2021-04-02 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: The Early Oligocene is a critical time for global climate changes in the Cenozoic. This epoch witnessed severe mammalian faunal turnovers known as “Grande Coupure” in Europe and “Mongolian Remodelling” in Asia. However, insights about morphological changes in Oligocene mammal lineages have not been explored in detail. One of the least diversified groups of recent mammals, lagomorpha, is globally common in the fossil records, especially in Asia. During the Oligocene, many Eocene archaic lagomorph taxa died out and were replaced by more advanced forms. New findings from Nei Mongol and re-examination of the specimens from older collections enabled a revision of a common Asian lagomorph genus, Ordolagus, which possibly has a close affinity with the Middle–Late Eocene genus Gobiolagus. In Nei Mongol, we recognized the presence of Ordolagus during the basal Early Oligocene. Comparisons with coeval and slightly older lagomorph taxa from Asia and North America show that Ordolagus attained some salient tooth morphological characters (i.e., development of anteroconid on p3, full hypselodonty of cheek teeth, and lingual connection of trigonid and talonid on p4–m2), which are also the key features of modern leporids. The appearance of those morphologic features in Ordolagus is coeval to major global or regional climatic changes. Further investigations on Asian early lagomorphs compared with the study of other small mammals and local climatic factors will be essential to refine the role of lagomorphs as palaeoclimatic proxies.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2021-04-02 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Here we report a Hipparion fauna locality discovered in between two basalt layers near Hanjiaying Village, Jining District, Wulanchabu City, Nei Mongol. K-Ar isotopic dating of the lower and upper level of the basalt constrains the age of the fauna from 7.2 to 6.8 Ma. Compared with classical Hipparion fauna from northern China, the Hanjiaying fauna is closer to those from Baode of Shanxi, Siziwang Banner of Nei Mongol and the Linxia Basin of Gansu. It is similar to the Loc. 43, 44 and 49 from Baode by faunal composition, confirming their age to be ~7.0 Ma rather than 5.5 Ma. The high similarity with the fossils from Wulanhua, Siziwang Banner, Nei Mongol, verified the age of Wulanhua fauna at about 7 Ma. Compared with faunas from the Linxia Basin, Gansu, it is more similar to those from the upper part of the Liushu Formation, especially the Yangjiashan fauna. Based on the faunal composition and their tooth morphology, the Hanjiaying fauna could be included in the “Gazella dorcadoides” fauna, which is supposed to be at the west paleobiome in northern China during the Late Miocene.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2020-03-31 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: An adult amynodont skull, collected from the Middle Eocene Niezhuang Formation of Jiyuan Basin (Henan, China), is recognized as a new species Amynodontopsis jiyuanensis sp. nov. The specimen possesses the typical features of the genus Amynodontopsis, such as a dolichocephalic skull with elevated roof, premaxilla-nasal contact, large preorbital fossa extending posteriorly medial to the orbit, inner surface of anterior orbital bar concave in continuation with the preorbital fossa, antecrochet usually presented on M1, and metastyle of M3 strongly deflected labially. A. jiyuanensis is diagnosed by a combination of the following characters: long nasals, nasal process of premaxilla extending far back laterally below the nasal and excluding the maxilla from the border of external nares, nasal notch above the post-canine diastema, more transverse and proportionally longer protoloph and metaloph on upper molars. Comparison with known species of Amynodontopsis indicates that it is the most primitive one in the genus, due to the possession of primitive characters. Associated fossil mammals support a correlation of the strata bearing A. jiyuanensis with the Shara Murun Formation of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, namely the Middle Eocene Sharamurunian Asian Land Mammal Age (ALMA), prior to all other known Amynodontopsis species. The earlier geologic age and primitive morphological features of A. jiyuanensis suggest that Amynodontopsis has an Asian origin in the Middle Eocene and later immigrated into North America.
分类: 生物学 >> 动物学 提交时间: 2022-01-19 合作期刊: 《古脊椎动物学报》
摘要: Moganopterus zhuiana L�et al. 2012 was erected as a member of the Boreopteridae, which was questioned by different researchers shortly after the publication. Although the new assignment to the Ctenochasmatidae is widely accepted by pterosaur researchers, some characteristics still require a detailed description. Here, the holotype of this taxon is restudied, and some ambiguous characteristics are re-identified. The diagnosis of this taxon has been revised as the following: a large ctenochasmatid pterosaur, which can be distinguished from other members of this clade by a single autapomorphy: an elongated rod-like parietal crest that extends posterodorsally, forming an angle of about 15�with the ventral margin of the skull. This taxon can be further distinguished from other ctenochasmatids on the basis of the following combination of characteristics: straight occlusal surfaces of the upper and low jaws; presence of a low premaxillary crest confined anterior to the nasoantorbital fenestra; rostrum about two thirds of the skull length; nasoantorbital fenestra occupying slightly more than 20% of the skull length; about 100 slender teeth; and a mid-cervical length/width ratio of about 7. The wingspan of M. zhuiana has been re-estimated according to a simple regression equation for wingspan versus skull length in ctenochasmatids. It confirms that M. zhuiana, although smaller than previous thought, is still the largest known ctenochasmatid. When comparing the sizes of ctenochasmatids in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, ctenochasmatids showed a rough tendency to increase their sizes.