Abstract:
To explore the evolution characteristics of erosion and deposition in the main stream of the Tarim River from Kelelik to Yingbazha, this study analyzes typical river channel parameters, including section width, thalweg length, curvature index, and shoreline length, based on Landsat satellite imagery and hydrological station water and sediment data during the flood periods from 1993 to 2024. In the past 32 years, the bending coefficient of the river channel has increased from 2.20 to 2.56, the average annual growth of the thalweg length is 0.27 km, and the meandering trend of the river channel has intensified. The maximum widening range of the upstream section of the river section exceeds 585%, whereas the middle and lower reaches are relatively stable. The thalweg shifts northward, with an average annual migration rate of 0.1 km·a-1, and the local bending causes the maximum swing amplitude of the main trough to exceed 3 km. Over the 32 years, the main stream of the Tarim River experienced five cycles of bending and straightening, which led to the adjustment of the main channel and the deviation
of the flow direction, resulting in the abandonment of the five water inlets. The average annual growth rate of the left bank shoreline length is 0.149 km·a-1, which is three times that of the right bank, and the main channel continues to shift to the left bank. River meandering and erosion may threaten the irrigation guarantee rate and flood control safety of coastal farmland and ecological forests. The results of this study can serve as a basis for the planning and design of river flood control and regulation projects from Kelelik to Yingbazha
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