Abstract:
Biological culture is of great significance to the conservation of biodiversity. The
formation and development of botanical gardens have reflected the plant culture which formed by human beings due to material and spiritual needs in history. Modern botanical gardens have made
outstanding achievements in plant ex-situ protection, while the plant culture construction is still a
little insufficient. In the process of global biodiversity conservation, the important roles of
traditional culture in biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of biological resources have
been increasingly valued. At this background, this study emphasized the close connection and
co-evolution relationship between biocultural diversity and biodiversity, and reviewed the
implication of plant culture in early botanical gardens and Chinese classical gardens. And through
the analysis of the main functions of 3 085 modern botanical gardens around the world, we found
that only 7.36% of botanical gardens have carried out ethnobotanical research, while 11.18% have
carried out conservation biology research, and 17.18% have a plant conservation programme
17.18%, revealed the improvement of the protection function and the weakening of the cultural
function of modern botanical gardens. Based on the demand for the construction of plant culture in
the effective protection of plant diversity in the current botanical garden, this study further
analyzed the deficiencies of plant culture construction in botanical gardens in China, including: (1)
Insufficient plant culture information data in plant species diversity information. (2) Lack of
consideration of benefit-sharing of traditional knowledge in biodiversity conservation. (3) Lack of
theme parks that display plant diversity with culture. Focused on the goal of plant diversity
conservation and management in the China national botanical garden, we put forward suggestions
on plant culture construction in the China national botanical garden system from three aspects, in
order to provide a reference for the construction of a national botanical garden system with the
characteristics of Chinese ecological civilization: (1) Plant diversity protection and utilization. To
strengthen the consideration of plant culture in the construction of plant diversity information and
germplasm resource bank, encourage ethnobotanical research. (2) Benefit-sharing. To establish
access and benefit-sharing (ABS) standard procedures covering traditional knowledge to ensure
fair and equitable benefit-sharing. (3) Public participation. To consider display the regionality and
uniqueness in China national botanical garden, and add ethnic plant culture theme parks or
exhibition halls.
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