中国社会中“内卷”现象的个体心理内涵及其特征维度

• 作者： 张雯 ^1,2 潘超 ^2,3 姚诗铭 ^1,2 朱佳佳 ^1,2 凌东 ^1,4 杨涵淳 ^1,5 徐静莎 ^1,6 穆妍 ^1,2
• 作者单位：
  1.  中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所), 北京 100101
  2.  中国科学院大学心理学系, 北京 100049
  3.  河南大学心理学院, 开封 475004
  4.  南宁泰康之家桂园养老服务有限公司, 南宁 530010
  5.  爱丁堡大学社会科学院临床健康心理学系, 爱丁堡 EH8 9AG
  6.  麦吉尔大学心理学系, 蒙特利尔 H3A 1G1
• 通讯作者： 穆妍  Email:muy@psych.ac.cn
• 提交时间：2023-09-01

摘要: 随着中国社会的发展，内卷引发了全民关注与讨论，但研究者对内卷的心理内涵、特征维度及其测量工具仍在探索中。本研究首次以文化心理学作为研究视角，提出中国社会的内卷极具新时代意义，是与中国社会文化紧密相连的多维心理概念。研究一采用访谈法，通过分析在校学生与在岗社会人员对内卷看法的一手资料，结合扎根理论初步提出内卷的心理内涵及其特征维度，即资源稀缺、社会规范、心理压力、竞争行为。研究二在访谈研究的基础上编制了内卷感知测量问卷，通过探索性因素分析得到包含18个条目的四维度问卷。研究三通过验证性因素分析和效标效度检验，在跨人群样本中验证了内卷的四个特征维度。研究四采用内卷情境任务发现，在高校情境和组织情境中，内卷感知更高的个体均更易表现出内卷行为倾向。综上，本研究首次明晰中国社会中内卷的心理内涵及其特征维度，并提供了测量个体感知内卷的有效工具，有助于未来探究内卷对个体心理以及社会性发展的影响机制。

Abstract: With the deepening and spread of reform and opening-up, China has undergone rapid and unprecedented economic growth and societal transformations over the past few decades. Accumulating evidence has revealed the impacts of sociocultural changes on Chinese mental health. Since 2020, a popular buzzword, Neijuan (involution), has garnered significant attention and discussion in daily life. Neijuan could be traced back to agricultural involution, which refers to a process of inward over-elaboration in agricultural development. This concept was first identified by the anthropologist Geertz (1963), who observed that population growth failed to enhance productivity growth and economic development.Despite Neijuan's growing attention, it is still unclear about the connotation and characteristic dimensions of this social phenomenon. Cultural psychology provides a solid theoretical and empirical basis for exploring how social and cultural changes affect individuals psychological states and behaviors. In this context, we propose that Neijuan is a multidimensional psychological concept of great significance in this new era, closely connected to cultural changes in Chinas rapid development and growth.To explore the psychological concept of Neijuan, Study 1 employed a grounded theory approach through in-depth interviews to clarify the intricate psychological components of Neijuan. Based on the results of Study 1, Studies 2 and 3 developed a measurement tool to validate the multiple characteristic dimensions of Neijuan in Chinese culture, utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings suggested that Neijuan comprises four dimensions: resource scarcity, social norm, psychological pressure, and competition. Subsequently, Study 4 used Neijuan scenario-based task in the university and workplace environments to assess participants behavioral tendencies related to Neijuan and examined the relationship between individuals perceptions of Neijuan and their actual behaviors. Results revealed that individuals with higher levels of perceived Nejuan exhibited a greater tendency to engage in behaviors associated with Neijuan.In summary, the series of studies sought to explore the psychological concept and multiple characteristic dimensions of Neijuan, which provides a theoretical and empirical basis for understanding this significant phenomenon in the contemporary era. The current research also offers an effective measurement tool to assess individuals perception of Neijuan and enlightens future research on the effect of Neijuan on psychological maladjustment and non-benign competition behaviors related to Neijuan.

• 来自： 张雯
• 分类： 心理学 >> 社会心理学
• 投稿状态： 已被期刊接收
• 引用： ChinaXiv:202303.10353 (或此版本 ChinaXiv:202303.10353V3)
  DOI:10.12074/202303.10353V3
  CSTR:32003.36.ChinaXiv.202303.10353.V3
• 推荐引用方式： 张雯,潘超,姚诗铭,朱佳佳,凌东,杨涵淳,徐静莎,穆妍.(2023).中国社会中“内卷”现象的个体心理内涵及其特征维度.中国科学院科技论文预发布平台.doi:10.12074/202303.10353V3 (点此复制)