Abstract:
Background Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease. To explore the expression of immune cells and cytokines and find more directions for treatment and intervention.Objective To explore the number of regulatory B cells (Breg) in peripheral blood of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease and its clinical significance of NMOSD patiens. Methods a total of 55 patients with NMOSD were admitted to the Department of Neurology, from June 2019 to December 2021, and 50 normal healthy subjects during the same period were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportions of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells and CD19+CD24hiCD27+ regulatory B cells in CD19+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the two groups. The serum levels of interleukin-10, IL-35 and transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results As compared with the control group, the proportions of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Breg and CD19+CD24hiCD27+Breg in CD19+ lymphocytes in NMOSD group were decreased((5.82±2.59%,13.21±3.45%)), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). As compared with the control group,the levels of IL-10, IL-35 and TGF-β1 in NMOSD group were decreased(42.80±7.63,181.19±38.49,8.84±4.41,pg/mL), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Regulatory B cells and their cytokines are down-regulated inpatients with NMOSD and play a role in the progression of NMOSD disease.