分类： 心理学 >> 应用心理学 提交时间： 2023-08-18
摘要： Preis, Moat, Stanley, and Bishop (2012) introduced the Future Orientation Index (FOI) via Google Trends to gauge a countrys future orientation, measuring how much individuals prioritize the future in their thoughts and actions. Their research found that a higher FOI, marked by greater search interest in the upcoming year compared to the past, correlated with elevated economic success, indicated by higher per capita GDP. Despite its widespread use in cross-cultural studies, due to the evolving nature of the Internet in the past decade, it remains uncertain whether the FOI can still reliably measure future orientation. Our study aimed to replicate and extend correlations between FOI and key development indicators, such as GDP and the Human Development Index (HDI), across countries with different dominant search engines (from Google to Baidu), across time periods (from 2012 to 2021), and across levels (inter-country to intra-country and individual). Our results successfully replicated the findings from Preis et al. (2012): the Baidu-based FOI consistently demonstrated a positive correlation with province-level GDP (r = .719 ~ .860, ps 100) and HDI (r = .635 ~ .867, ps 100) from 2012 to 2021 in China. However, for exploratory generalization, the FOI did not predict individual-level patience ( = -0.038, p = .402). Our findings, alongside the open dataset of the Baidu-based FOI, provide an easily accessible index and a practical example to investigate intra-cultural differences in future orientation within China. Furthermore, our results underscore two prerequisites for utilizing the FOI as a measure of future orientation in future research: 1) Choose a locally dominant search engine and unambiguous keywords to calculate the FOI, and 2) Apply the FOI within a group-level context rather than an individual-level one.
分类： 心理学 >> 发展心理学 提交时间： 2020-10-10
摘要： Building robust letter-to-sound correspondences is a prerequisite for reading, and such audiovisual integration becomes progressively automatic with development. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the development of audiovisual integration for reading are largely unknown. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a lexical decision task to investigate the changes of brain functional networks that support audiovisual integration for reading between normally developing children (9-12 years old) and adults (20-28 years old). The identified networks were further examined in children with developmental dyslexia (9-12 years old). Results revealed that adults enhanced connectivity in a prefrontal-superior temporal network relative to children, reflecting the attentional modulation to the development of audiovisual integration. Moreover, this network was disrupted in dyslexics, confirming its essential role in audiovisual integration for reading. This study, for the first time, elucidates the neural basis underlying the development of audiovisual integration for reading.
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